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Let $T$ be a tree, a vertex of degree one is called a leaf. The set of leaves of $T$ is denoted by $Leaf(T)$. The subtree $T-Leaf(T)$ of $T$ is called the stem of $T$ and denoted by $Stem(T).$ In this note, we give a sharp sufficient…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-22 Pham Hoang Ha , Dang Dinh Hanh

We generalize the uniform spanning tree to construct a family of determinantal measures on essential spanning forests on periodic planar graphs in which every component tree is bi-infinite. Like the uniform spanning tree, these measures…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Richard Kenyon

We consider lower bounds on the number of spanning trees of connected graphs with degree bounded by $d$. The question is of interest because such bounds may improve the analysis of the improvement produced by memorisation in the runtime of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-02-13 John Michael Robson

Using the topologist sine curve we present a new functorial construction of cone-like spaces, starting in the category of all path-connected topological spaces with a base point and continuous maps, and ending in the subcategory of all…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2008-03-29 Katsuya Eda , Umed H. Karimov , Dušan Repovš

Among subgraphs with a fixed number of vertices of the regular square lattice, we prove inequalities that essentially say that those with smaller boundaries have larger numbers of spanning trees and vice-versa. As an application, we relate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Kristopher Tapp

In this paper, we investigate the polynomial integrand of an integral formula that yields the expected length of the minimal spanning tree of a graph whose edges are uniformly distributed over the interval [0, 1]. In particular, we derive a…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-01-16 Jared Nishikawa , Peter T. Otto , Colin Starr

We prove that, among rectangular grid graphs with a fixed number of vertices, the number of spanning trees increases when the side lengths are made more balanced. In particular, among all rectangular grid graphs with $n^2$ vertices, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Jiechen Zhang

An SPQR-tree is a data structure that efficiently represents all planar embeddings of a biconnected planar graph. It is a key tool in a number of constrained planarity testing algorithms, which seek a planar embedding of a graph subject to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Guido Brückner , Ignaz Rutter

Spanning trees are an important primitive in many data analysis tasks, when a data set needs to be summarized in terms of its "skeleton", or when a tree-shaped graph over all observations is required for downstream processing. Popular…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Enrique Fita Sanmartín , Christoph Schnörr , Fred A. Hamprecht

The classical Matrix-Tree Theorem allows one to list the spanning trees of a graph by monomials in the expansion of the determinant of a certain matrix. We prove that in the case of three-graphs (that is, hypergraphs whose edges have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregor Masbaum , Arkady Vaintrob

In this paper, we study some spanning trees with bounded degree and leaf degree from eigenvalues. For any integer $k\geq2$, a $k$-tree is a spanning tree in which every vertex has degree no more than $k$. Let $T$ be a spanning tree of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-29 Chang Liu , Jianping Li

(DRAFT VERSION) In this article we present a proof of the famous Kirchoff's Matrix-Tree theorem, which relates the number of spanning trees in a connected graph with the cofactors (and eigenvalues) of its combinatorial Laplacian matrix.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-08-02 Saad Quader

Square ice is a statistical mechanics model for two-dimensional ice, widely believed to have a conformally invariant scaling limit. We associate a Peano (space filling) curve to a square ice configuration, and more generally to a so-called…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-07 Richard Kenyon , Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield , David B. Wilson

A network-theoretic approach for determining the complexity of a graph is proposed. This approach is based on the relationship between the linear algebra (theory of determinants) and the graph theory. In this paper we contribute a new…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-12-04 E. M. Badr , B. Mohamed

Stochastic Loewner Evolutions (SLE) with a multiple sqrt(kappa)B of Brownian motion B as driving process are random planar curves (if kappa<=4) or growing compact sets generated by a curve (if kappa>4). We consider here more general Levy…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Qing-Yang Guan , Matthias Winkel

Let $T$ be a tree, a vertex of degree one is a leaf of $T$ and a vertex of degree at least three is a branch vertex of $T$. For two distinct vertices $u,v$ of $T$, let $P_T[u,v]$ denote the unique path in $T$ connecting $u$ and $v.$ For a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Pham Hoang Ha

A tree $\sigma$-spanner of a positively real-weighted $n$-vertex and $m$-edge undirected graph $G$ is a spanning tree $T$ of $G$ which approximately preserves (i.e., up to a multiplicative stretch factor $\sigma$) distances in $G$. Tree…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-05 Davide Bilò , Feliciano Colella , Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Guido Proietti

The search of spanning trees with interesting disjunction properties has led to the introduction of edge-disjoint spanning trees, independent spanning trees and more recently completely independent spanning trees. We group together these…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Benoit Darties , Nicolas Gastineau , Olivier Togni

A graph drawn on the plane is called $1$-plane if each edge is crossed at most once by another edge. In this paper, we show that every $4$-connected $1$-plane graph has a connected spanning plane subgraph. We also show that there exist…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Kenta Noguchi , Katsuhiro Ota , Yusuke Suzuki

A spanning tree $T$ of graph $G$ is a $\rho$-approximate universal Steiner tree (UST) for root vertex $r$ if, for any subset of vertices $S$ containing $r$, the cost of the minimal subgraph of $T$ connecting $S$ is within a $\rho$ factor of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Costas Busch , Da Qi Chen , Arnold Filtser , Daniel Hathcock , D Ellis Hershkowitz , Rajmohan Rajaraman
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