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We give a overview of stochastic models of evolution that have found applications in genetics, ecology and linguistics for an audience of nonspecialists, especially statistical physicists. In particular, we focus mostly on neutral models in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. A. Blythe , A. J. McKane

Given a 0-dimensional affine K-algebra R=K[x_1,...,x_n]/I, where I is an ideal in a polynomial ring K[x_1,...,x_n] over a field K, or, equivalently, given a 0-dimensional affine scheme, we construct effective algorithms for checking whether…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Martin Kreuzer , Le Ngoc Long , Lorenzo Robbiano

Given a reduced analytic space $Y$ we introduce a class of {\it nice} cycles, including all effective $\mathbb{Q}$-Cartier divisors. Equidimensional nice cycles that intersect properly allow for a natural intersection product. Using…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Mats Andersson , Håkan Samuelsson Kalm

Phylogenetic tree shapes capture fundamental signatures of evolution. We consider ``ranked'' tree shapes, which are equipped with a total order on the internal nodes compatible with the tree graph. Recent work has established an elegant…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Chris Jennings-Shaffer , Ziyue , Chen , Julia A Palacios , Frederick A Matsen

The phylogenetic tree construction is to infer the evolutionary relationship between species from the experimental data. However, the experimental data are often imperfect and conflicting each others. Therefore, it is important to extract…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Andy Auyeung , Ajith Abraham

We describe the structure of mirror formulas for genus 0 Gromov-Witten invariants of projective complete intersections with any number of marked points and provide an explicit algorithm for obtaining the relevant structure coefficients. The…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Aleksey Zinger

Species sampling processes have long served as the fundamental framework for modeling random discrete distributions and exchangeable sequences. However, data arising from distinct but related sources require a broader notion of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Beatrice Franzolini , Antonio Lijoi , Igor Prünster , Giovanni Rebaudo

One of the main applications of balance indices is in tests of null models of evolutionary processes. The knowledge of an exact formula for a statistic of a balance index, holding for any number n of leaves, is necessary in order to use…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-22 Gabriel Cardona , Arnau Mir , Francesc Rossello

We introduce the notion of cracked polytope, and - making use of joint work with Coates and Kasprzyk - construct the associated toric variety $X$ as a subvariety of a non-singular toric variety $Y$ under certain conditions. Restricting to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Thomas Prince

Complete intersections may be unexpectedly simple over fields of positive characteristic: for instance, they may be unirational despite being of general type. One explanation is given by profiles, structure that tracks the special shape of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Raymond Cheng

We generalize the Generic Model Theorem for equivariant presheaves of structures; extending the results of Macintyre and Caicedo. We also introduce a new class of generic cohomologies and show how, for some examples, they simplify to non…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-04-28 Gabriel Padilla , Andres Villaveces

A method was developed for Bayesian inference of species phylogeny using the multi-species coalescent model. To improve the mixing properties of the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm that traverses the space of species trees, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-12-15 Bruce Rannala , Ziheng Yang

We begin with a short exposition of the theory of lattice varieties. This includes a description of their orbit structure and smooth locus. We construct a flat cover of the lattice variety and show that it is a complete intersection. We…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-17 William Haboush , Akira Sano

We investigate the viability of defining an intersection product on algebraic cycles on a singular algebraic variety by pushing forward intersection products formed on a resolution of singularities. For varieties with resolutions having a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-04-09 Joseph Ross

Generative models derived from large protein sequence alignments define complex fitness landscapes, but their utility for accurately modeling non-equilibrium evolutionary dynamics remains unclear. In this work, we perform a rigorous…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-10 Leonardo Di Bari , Thierry Mora , Andrea Pagnani , Aleksandra M. Walczak , Francesco Zamponi , Saverio Rossi

Most theories of evolutionary diversification are based on equilibrium assumptions: they are either based on optimality arguments involving static fitness landscapes, or they assume that populations first evolve to an equilibrium state…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-07 Iaroslav Ispolatov , Vaibhav Madhok , Michael Doebeli

Contrary to previous approaches bringing together algebraic geometry and signatures of paths, we introduce a Zariski topology on the space of paths itself, and study path varieties consisting of all paths whose iterated-integrals signature…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Rosa Preiß

The Shapley value, a solution concept from cooperative game theory, has recently been considered for both unrooted and rooted phylogenetic trees. Here, we focus on the Shapley value of unrooted trees and first revisit the so-called split…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-07 Kristina Wicke , Mareike Fischer

This paper provides a non-standard analogue of Bezout's theorem. This is acheived by showing that, in all characteristics, the notion of Zariski multiplicity coincides with intersection multiplicity when we consider the full families of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tristram de Piro

The origin of diversification and coexistence of genes and species have been traditionally studied in isolated biological levels. Ecological and evolutionary views have focused on the mechanisms that enable or constrain species coexistence,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-07-18 Carlos J. Melian , David Alonso , Diego P. Vazquez , James Regetz