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Pulsar timing measurements can be used to detect gravitational radiation from massive black hole binaries. The ~106d quasi-periodic flux variations in Sagittarius A* at radio wavelengths reported by Zhao, Bower, & Goss (2001) may be due to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Andrea N. Lommen , Donald C. Backer

Rotating black holes can amplify ultralight bosonic fields through superradiance, forming macroscopic clouds known as gravitational atoms. When the cloud forms around one of the components of a binary system, it can undergo a series of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-23 Riccardo Della Monica , Richard Brito

Supermassive black hole binary systems (SMBHBs) should be the most powerful sources of gravitational waves (GWs) in the Universe. Once Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) detect the stochastic GW background from their cosmic merger history,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-26 Nicole M. Khusid , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Priyamvada Natarajan , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Anna Barnacka

Gravitational-wave observations of compact binaries have the potential to uncover the distribution of masses and angular momenta of black holes and neutron stars in the universe. The binary components' physical parameters can be inferred…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Mark Hannam , Duncan A. Brown , Stephen Fairhurst , Chris L. Fryer , Ian W. Harry

Largely motivated by the development of highly sensitive gravitational-wave detectors, our understanding of merging compact binaries and the gravitational waves they generate has improved dramatically in recent years. Breakthroughs in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-15 Scott A. Hughes

We describe the design of a gravitational wave timing array, a novel scheme that can be used to search for low-frequency gravitational waves by monitoring continuous gravitational waves at higher frequencies. We show that observations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-25 María José Bustamante-Rosell , Joel Meyers , Noah Pearson , Cynthia Trendafilova , Aaron Zimmerman

Pulsar timing arrays recently found evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB), likely the stochastic overlap of GWs from many supermassive black hole binaries. Anticipating a continuous gravitational wave (CW) detection from a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-08 Emiko C. Gardiner , Bence Bécsy , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Neil J. Cornish

Pulsar timing uses the highly stable pulsar spin period to investigate many astrophysical topics. In particular, pulsar timing arrays make use of a set of extremely well-timed pulsars and their time correlations as a challenging detector of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-16 Michele Maiorano , Francesco De Paolis , Achille A. Nucita

This article aims at clarifying the situation about astrophysical sources that might be observed with haloscope experiments sensitive to gravitational waves in the 1-10 GHz band. The GrAHal setup is taken as a benchmark. We follow a very…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-13 Aurélien Barrau , Juan García-Bellido , Thierry Grenet , Killian Martineau

Efforts to detect gravitational waves by timing an array of pulsars have focused traditionally on stationary gravitational waves: e.g., stochastic or periodic signals. Gravitational wave bursts --- signals whose duration is much shorter…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Lee Samuel Finn , Andrea N. Lommen

If binaries consisting of two 100 Msun black holes exist they would serve as extraordinarily powerful gravitational-wave sources, detectable to redshifts of z=2 with the advanced LIGO/Virgo ground-based detectors. Large uncertainties about…

With the strong evidence for a gravitational wave (GW) background in the nanohertz frequency band from pulsar timing arrays, the detection of continuous GWs from individual supermassive black hole binaries is already at the dawn. Utilizing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-23 Dicong Liang , Siyuan Chen , Chao Zhang , Lijing Shao

Pulsar timing is a promising technique for detecting low frequency sources of gravitational waves. Historically the focus has been on the detection of diffuse stochastic backgrounds, such as those formed from the superposition of weak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-08-18 Vincent Corbin , Neil J. Cornish

The advent of gravitational-wave astronomy is now allowing for the study of compact binary merger demographics throughout the Universe. This information can be leveraged as tools for understanding massive stars, their environments, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-12 Kevin Turbang , Max Lalleman , Thomas A. Callister , Nick van Remortel

With current terrestrial gravitational wave detectors working at initial design sensitivities, and upgrades and space missions planned, it is likely that in the next five to ten years gravitational radiation will be detected directly from a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Coleman Miller

Gravitational waves at suitable frequencies can resonantly interact with a binary system, inducing changes to its orbit. A stochastic gravitational-wave background causes the orbital elements of the binary to execute a classic random walk,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-27 Lam Hui , Sean T. McWilliams , I-Sheng Yang

In the theories with extra dimensions, gravitational waves can leak into extra dimensions, resulting in a reduction in the amplitude of the observed gravitational waves. Such an effect modifies the standard luminosity distance of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-10 Xu-Jie Zhu , Ji-Yu Song , Tao Zhu , Xin Zhang

Supermassive black hole binaries are promising sources of low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) and bright electromagnetic emission. Pulsar timing array searches for resolved binaries are complex and computationally expensive and so far…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-11 Maria Charisi , Stephen R. Taylor , Caitlin A. Witt , Jessie Runnoe

Gravitational-wave observations provide a powerful probe of compact objects and strong-field gravity. In this work, we investigate the detectability of binaries containing (sub-)solar-mass black holes and superspinars with current and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-19 K. S. Sruthy , N. V. Krishnendu , Chandrachur Chakraborty , Nami Uchikata

Analysis of high-precision timing observations of an array of approx. 20 millisecond pulsars (a so-called "timing array") may ultimately result in the detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave background. The feasibility of such a…