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This paper presents a group of analytical formulas for calculating the global maximal and minimal ranks and inertias of the quadratic matrix-valued function $\phi(X) = (\, AXB + C\,)M(\, AXB + C)^{*} + D$ and use them to derive necessary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-01-14 Yongge Tian

We study several variants of decomposing a symmetric matrix into a sum of a low-rank positive semidefinite matrix and a diagonal matrix. Such decompositions have applications in factor analysis and they have been studied for many decades.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-02 Levent Tunçel , Stephen A. Vavasis , Jingye Xu

We associate a real distribution to any complex Lie algebroid that we call distribution of real elements and a new invariant that we call real rank, given by the pointwise rank of this distribution. When the real rank is constant, we obtain…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Dan Aguero

Double circulant matrices are introduced and studied. A formula to compute the rank r of a double circulant matrix is exhibited; and it is shown that any consecutive r rows of the double circulant matrix are linearly independent. As a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-01-27 Yun Fan , Hualu Liu

Suppose $f(x,y)$ is a binary form of degree $d$ with coefficients in a field $K \subseteq \mathbb C$. The $K$-rank of $f$ is the smallest number of $d$-th powers of linear forms over $K$ of which $f$ is a $K$-linear combination. We prove…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-31 Bruce Reznick , Neriman Tokcan

An irreducible canonical approach to second-order reducible second-class constraints is given. The procedure is exemplified on gauge-fixed three-forms.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-12-24 C. Bizdadea , E. M. Cioroianu , S. O. Saliu , S. C. Sararu , O. Balus

We compute all complex structures on indecomposable 6-dimensional real Lie algebras and their equivalence classes. We also give for each of them a global holomorphic chart on the connected simply connected Lie group associated to the real…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2008-09-05 L. Magnin

Let six points $1, ...6$ lie in general position in the real projective plane and consider the pencil of nodal cubics based at these points, with node at one of them, say 1. This pencil has five reducible cubics. We call combinatorial cubic…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-03-28 Séverine Fiedler-Le Touzé

We derive the Cardano formula of cubic equations by completing the cube, and provide radical solutions to some algebraic equations of higher degree by completing powers. The main idea of completing powers arises from Harrison's center…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-14 Hua-Lin Huang , Shengyuan Ruan , Xiaodan Xu , Yu Ye

We study singular real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces in complex projective space. We define the rank of an algebraic Levi-flat hypersurface and study the connections between rank, degree, and the type and size of the singularity. In…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2012-02-29 Jiri Lebl

There are 42 types of real singular points for irreducible real quintic curves and 49 types of real singular points for reducible real quintic curves. The classification of real singular points for irreducible real quintic curves is…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2008-07-02 David A. Weinberg , Nicholas J. Willis

The cubic regularization (CR) algorithm has attracted a lot of attentions in the literature in recent years. We propose a new reformulation of the cubic regularization subproblem. The reformulation is an unconstrained convex problem that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-20 Rujun Jiang , Zhishuo Zhou , Zirui Zhou

We discuss the relationship between quaternion algebras and quadratic forms with a focus on computational aspects. Our basic motivating problem is to determine if a given algebra of rank 4 over a commutative ring R embeds in the 2x2-matrix…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-01 John Voight

We describe the algebraic boundaries of the regions of real binary forms with fixed typical rank and of degree at most eight, showing that they are dual varieties of suitable coincident root loci.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-08-28 Maria Chiara Brambilla , Giovanni Staglianò

We give a complete deformation classification of real Zariski sextics, that is of generic apparent contours of nonsingular real cubic surfaces. As a by-product, we observe a certain "reversion" duality in the set of deformation classes of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-02-10 Sergey Finashin , Viatcheslav Kharlamov

Explicit bases for the spaces of holomorphic cusp forms of all even positive weights and all orders are constructed. The dimensions of these spaces are computed.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Nikolaos Diamantis , David Sim

Ordered pairs of proper, non-empty real projective conics can be classified modulo rigid isotopy and ambient isotopy. We characterize the classes by equations, inequations and inequalities in the coefficients of the quadratic forms defining…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Emmanuel Briand

An expository description of smooth cubic curves in the real or complex projective plane.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Araceli Bonifant , John Milnor

Some time ago we extended our monogenity investigations and calculations of generators of power integral bases to the relative case. Up to now we considered (usually totally real) extensions of complex quartic fields. In the present paper…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-14 István Gaál

We compute the dynamical degrees of certain compositions of reflections in points on a smooth cubic fourfold. Our interest in these computations stems from the irrationality problem for cubic fourfolds. Namely, we hope that they will…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-21 Christian Böhning , Hans-Christian Graf von Bothmer , Pawel Sosna