Related papers: Unification of Force and Substance
This paper aims to present an elaborate view on the motivation and realization of the idea to extend Maxwell's electrodynamics to Extended Electrodynamics in a reasonable and appropriate way in order to make it possible to describe…
Why is gauge symmetry so important in modern physics, given that one must eliminate it when interpreting what the theory represents? In this paper we discuss the sense in which gauge symmetry can be fruitfully applied to constrain the space…
This paper undertakes a study of the nature of the force associated with the local U (1) gauge symmetry of a non-relativistic quantum particle. To ensure invariance under local U (1) symmetry, a matter field must couple to a gauge field. We…
A thoughtless treatment of Maxwell's equations can lead to the interpretation of the existence of a causal relationship between their different terms and, therefore, that an electric field that varies in time generates a magnetic one and…
The geometric foundations of General Relativity are revisited, with particular attention to its gauge invariance, as a key to understanding the true nature of spacetime. Beyond the common image of spacetime as a deformable 'fabric' filling…
Charges are everywhere because most atoms are charged. Chemical bonds are formed by electrons with their charge. Charges move and interact according to Maxwell's equations in space and in atoms where the equations of electrodynamics are…
General physics approach is applied to analysis of power components in electrical systems under sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal conditions. Physical essence of active, reactive and distorting powers are determinate. It is shown that the all…
A four-vector field in flat space-time, satisfying a gauge-invariant set of second-order differential equations, is considered as a unified field. The model variational principle corresponds to the general covariance idea and gives rise to…
A covariant formalism is used in order to examine the status of Maxwell equations and to unify the concept of balances, for all chemical engineering applications in relation with electrodynamics. The resulting formal structure serves as a…
Starting from the experimental fact that a moving charge experiences the Lorentz force and applying the fundamental principles of simplicity (first order derivatives only) and linearity (superposition principle), we show that the structure…
The possibility of the fundamental interactions unification arises at the consideration of the field equation of the energy conservation if one takes into account Salam's effect. Such account results in the functional division between…
This paper suggests an axiomatic approach to Maxwell's equations. The basis of this approach is a theorem formulated for two sets of functions localized in space and time. If each set satisfies a continuity equation then the theorem…
The Maxwell's electromagnetic equations are isomorphic to the motion equation of a linear elastic continuum which is hard to compression though liable to shear deformation. The Coulomb gauge expresses the medium incompressibility. The…
A refinement of an argument due to Maxwell for the equipartition of kinetic energy in a mixture of ideal gases with different masses is proposed. The argument is elementary, yet it may work as an illustration of the role of symmetry and…
The proposed temporal fluctuations model attempt for a unitary vision on gravity, electromagnetism and inertia. On obtain Newton law of gravitation and Coulomb law by starting from simple principles. On obtain too the main results of…
The paper shows the relationship between the major wave equations in quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, such as Schroedinger's equation, Dirac's equation and the Maxwell equations. It is shown that they can be derived in a striking…
We describe a class of unified theories of electromagnetism and gravity. The Lagrangian is of the BF type, with a potential for the B-field, the gauge group is U(2) (complexified). Given a choice of the potential function the theory is a…
The generalized Maxwell equations with arbitrary gauge parameter are considered in the $11\times 11$-matrix form. The gauge invariance of such a model is broken due to the presence of a scalar field. The canonical and symmetrical Belinfante…
If potential energy is the timelike component of a four-vector, then there must be a corresponding spacelike part which would logically be called the potential momentum. The potential four-momentum consisting of the potential momentum and…
The united rest mass and charge of a particle correspond to the two forms of the same regularity of the unified nature of its ultimate structure. Each of them contains the electric, weak, strong and the gravitational contributions. As a…