Related papers: The shape of random tanglegrams

Tropical geometry with the max-plus algebra has been applied to statistical learning models over tree spaces because geometry with the tropical metric over tree spaces has some nice properties such as convexity in terms of the tropical…

We study the number of distance queries needed to identify certain properties of a hidden tree $T$ on $n$ vertices. A distance query consists of two vertices $x,y$, and the answer is the distance of $x$ and $y$ in $T$. We determine the…

Neutral macroevolutionary models, such as the Yule model, give rise to a probability distribution on the set of discrete rooted binary trees over a given leaf set. Such models can provide a signal as to the approximate location of the root…

We consider the process of uncovering the vertices of a random labeled tree according to their labels. First, a labeled tree with $n$ vertices is generated uniformly at random. Thereafter, the vertices are uncovered one by one, in order of…

In this paper, we introduce two families of planar and self-similar graphs which have small-world properties. The constructed models are based on an iterative process where each step of a certain formulation of modules results in a final…

For random matrices with tree-like structure there exists a recursive relation for the local Green functions whose solution permits to find directly many important quantities in the limit of infinite matrix dimensions. The purpose of this…

We study effective randomness-preserving transformations of path-incompressible trees. Some path-incompressible trees with infinitely many paths do not compute perfect path-random trees with computable oracle-use. Sparse perfect…

It is proved that the average number of segments on the right branch of a binary tree of size n tends to 3 as n tends to $\infty$. Also the fraction of trees with k segments on the right branch from all trees of size n tends to…

The probability that a tuple of matrices together with all scalars generates a finite incidence ring is calculated. It is proved that all real and complex finite-dimensional incidence algebras are generated by two randomly chosen matrices.

The innumerable shapes of plant leaves present a challenge to the explanatory power of biophysical theory. A model is needed that can produce these shapes with a small set of parameters. This paper presents a simple model of leaf shape…

Let $T\_n$ denote the set of unrooted labeled trees of size $n$ and let $T\_n$ be a particular (finite, unlabeled) tree. Assuming that every tree of $T\_n$ is equally likely, it is shown that the limiting distribution as $n$ goes to…

We introduce some natural families of distributions on rooted binary ranked plane trees with a view toward unifying ideas from various fields, including macroevolution, epidemiology, computational group theory, search algorithms and other…

The classes of tree permutations and forest permutations were defined by Acan and Hitczenko (2016). We study random permutations of a given length from these classes, and in particular the number of occurrences of a fixed pattern in one of…

Tree-ordered weakly sparse models have recently emerged as a robust framework for representing structures in an ``almost sparse'' way, while allowing the structure to be reconstructed through a simple first-order interpretation. A prominent…

We show that the class of finite rooted binary plane trees is a Ramsey class (with respect to topological embeddings that map leaves to leaves). That is, for all such trees P,H and every natural number k there exists a tree T such that for…

An electrical network with the structure of a random tree is considered: starting from a root vertex, in one iteration each leaf (a vertex with zero or one adjacent edges) of the tree is extended by either a single edge with probability $p$…

A permutation may be represented by a collection of paths in the plane. We consider a natural class of such representations, which we call tangles, in which the paths consist of straight segments at 45 degree angles, and the permutation is…

The statistical mechanics of polymer loops entangled in the two-dimensional array of randomly distributed obstacles of infinite length is discussed. The area of the loop projected to the plane perpendicular to the obstacles is used as a…

We consider extremal problems related to decks and multidecks of rooted binary trees (a.k.a. rooted phylogenetic tree shapes). Here, the deck (resp. multideck) of a tree $T$ refers to the set (resp. multiset) of leaf induced binary subtrees…

The prime numbers look like a randomly chosen sequence of natural numbers, but there is still no strict theory to determine 'Randomness'. In these years, cryptography has developed a battery of statistical tests for randomness. In this…