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We formulate multiparameter quantum estimation in the parametric and semiparametric setting. While the Holevo Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) requires no substantial modifications in moving from the former to the latter, we generalize the Helstrom…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-10 Francesco Albarelli , Mankei Tsang , Animesh Datta

Performance bounds for parameter estimation play a crucial role in statistical signal processing theory and applications. Two widely recognized bounds are the Cram\'{e}r-Rao bound (CRB) in the non-Bayesian framework, and the Bayesian CRB…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Ori Aharon , Joseph Tabrikian

Quantum-enhanced metrology surpasses classical metrology by improving estimation precision scaling with a resource $N$ (e.g., particle number or energy) from $1/\sqrt{N}$ to $1/N$. Through the use of nonlinear effects, Roy and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Noah Lordi , John Drew Wilson , Murray J. Holland , Joshua Combes

Quantum state tomography is the standard technique for reconstructing a quantum state from experimental data. In the regime of finite statistics, experimental data cannot give perfect information about the quantum state. A common way to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-03 Carlos de Gois , Matthias Kleinmann

Understanding the limits of quantum theory in terms of uncertainty and correlation has always been a topic of foundational interest. Surprisingly this pursuit can also bear interesting applications such as device-independent quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-13 Le Phuc Thinh

Quantum metrology employs quantum resources to enhance the measurement sensitivity beyond that can be achieved classically. While multi-photon entangled NOON states can in principle beat the shot-noise limit and reach the Heisenberg limit,…

Achieving the ultimate precisions for multiple parameters simultaneously is an outstanding challenge in quantum physics, because the optimal measurements for incompatible parameters cannot be performed jointly due to the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-12 Binke Xia , Jingzheng Huang , Hongjing Li , Han Wang , Guihua Zeng

The estimation of more than one parameter in quantum mechanics is a fundamental problem with relevant practical applications. In fact, the ultimate limits in the achievable estimation precision are ultimately linked with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Sholeh Razavian , Matteo G. A. Paris , Marco G. Genoni

When applied to practical problems, the very laws of quantum mechanics can provide a unique resource to beat the limits imposed by classical physics: this is the case of quantum metrology and high-precision sensing. Here we review the main…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-07 Stefano Olivares

Entanglement-enhanced quantum metrology explores the utilization of quantum entanglement to enhance measurement precision. When particles in a probe are prepared into a quantum entangled state, they collectively accumulate information about…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Jiahao Huang , Min Zhuang , Chaohong Lee

In quantum metrology, the Holevo Cram\'er-Rao bound has attracted renewed interest in recent years due to its superiority over the Helstrom Cram\'er-Rao bound and its asymptotic attainability for multi-parameter estimation. Its evaluation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-01 Mankei Tsang

There has been much interest in developing phase estimation schemes which beat the so-called Heisenberg limit, i.e., for which the phase resolution scales better than 1/n, where n is a measure of resources such as the average photon number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-11 Michael J. W. Hall

The quantum speed limit is a fundamental upper bound on the speed of quantum evolution. However, the actual mathematical expression of this fundamental limit depends on the choice of a measure of distinguishability of quantum states. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-31 Sebastian Deffner

Does there exist a limit for the applicability of quantum theory for objects of large mass or size, or objects whose states are of large complexity or dimension of the Hilbert space? The possible answers range from practical limitations due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-15 Johannes Kofler , Caslav Brukner

We derive an asymptotic lower bound on the Bayes risk when N identical quantum systems whose state depends on a vector of unknown parameters are jointly measured in an arbitrary way and the parameters of interest estimated on the basis of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-02 Richard D. Gill

Critical ground states of quantum many-body systems have emerged as vital resources for quantum-enhanced sensing. Traditional methods to prepare these states often rely on adiabatic evolution, which may diminish the quantum sensing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-05 Hang Xu , Tailong Xiao , Jingzheng Huang , Ming He , Jianping Fan , Guihua Zeng

Uncertainty relations (URs) like the Heisenberg-Robertson or the time-energy UR are often considered to be hallmarks of quantum theory. Here, a simple derivation of these URs is presented based on a single classical inequality from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-14 Florian Fröwis , Roman Schmied , Nicolas Gisin

Distinguishing quantum states with minimal sampling overhead is of fundamental importance to teach quantum data to an algorithm. Recently, the quantum Wasserstein distance emerged from the theory of quantum optimal transport as a promising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Gonzalo Camacho , Benedikt Fauseweh

The impossibility of superluminal communication is a fundamental principle of physics. Here we show that this principle underpins the performance of several fundamental tasks in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Pavel Sekatski , Michalis Skotiniotis , Wolfgang Dür

The speed limit of quantum state transfer (QST) in a system of interacting particles is not only important for quantum information processing, but also directly linked to Lieb-Robinson-type bounds that are crucial for understanding various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Casey Jameson , Bora Basyildiz , Daniel Moore , Kyle Clark , Zhexuan Gong