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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is committed to delineating the classification boundaries between in-distribution (ID) and OOD images. Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable OOD detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhixia He , Chen Zhao , Minglai Shao , Xintao Wu , Xujiang Zhao , Dong Li , Qin Tian , Linlin Yu

Out-of-distribution (OoD) detection is a natural downstream task for deep generative models, due to their ability to learn the input probability distribution. There are mainly two classes of approaches for OoD detection using deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Yujia Huang , Sihui Dai , Tan Nguyen , Richard G. Baraniuk , Anima Anandkumar

Deep learning demands a huge amount of well-labeled data to train the network parameters. How to use the least amount of labeled data to obtain the desired classification accuracy is of great practical significance, because for many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Xiao Han , Zihao Wang , Enmei Tu , Gunnam Suryanarayana , Jie Yang

When learning a mapping from an input space to an output space, the assumption that the sample distribution of the training data is the same as that of the test data is often violated. Unsupervised domain shift methods adapt the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Tomer Galanti , Lior Wolf

Ensemble learning, the machine learning paradigm where multiple algorithms are combined, has exhibited promising perfomance in a variety of tasks. The present work focuses on unsupervised ensemble classification. The term unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Panagiotis A. Traganitis , Georgios B. Giannakis

In semi-supervised learning for classification, it is assumed that every ground truth class of data is present in the small labelled dataset. Many real-world sparsely-labelled datasets are plausibly not of this type. It could easily be the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-11 Matthew Willetts , Stephen J Roberts , Christopher C Holmes

Traditional supervised learning aims to train a classifier in the closed-set world, where training and test samples share the same label space. In this paper, we target a more challenging and realistic setting: open-set learning (OSL),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Zhen Fang , Jie Lu , Anjin Liu , Feng Liu , Guangquan Zhang

In the context of managing distributed energy resources (DERs) within distribution networks (DNs), this work focuses on the task of developing local controllers. We propose an unsupervised learning framework to train functions that can…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-20 Zhenyi Yuan , Guido Cavraro , Ahmed S. Zamzam , Jorge Cortés

One-class classification has been a prevailing method in building deep anomaly detection models under the assumption that a dataset consisting of normal samples is available. In practice, however, abnormal samples are often mixed in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Minkyung Kim , Junsik Kim , Jongmin Yu , Jun Kyun Choi

Self-supervised learning (SSL) excels at finding general-purpose latent representations from complex data, yet lacks a unifying theoretical framework that explains the diverse existing methods and guides the design of new ones. We cast SSL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Fabian A Mikulasch , Friedemann Zenke

Semi-supervised learning has made remarkable strides by effectively utilizing a limited amount of labeled data while capitalizing on the abundant information present in unlabeled data. However, current algorithms often prioritize aligning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zhiquan Tan , Kaipeng Zheng , Weiran Huang

A key element in transfer learning is representation learning; if representations can be developed that expose the relevant factors underlying the data, then new tasks and domains can be learned readily based on mappings of these salient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-18 Yujia Li , Kevin Swersky , Richard Zemel

In the real world, a learning system could receive an input that is unlike anything it has seen during training. Unfortunately, out-of-distribution samples can lead to unpredictable behaviour. We need to know whether any given input belongs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Alireza Shafaei , Mark Schmidt , James J. Little

One promising approach to dealing with datapoints that are outside of the initial training distribution (OOD) is to create new classes that capture similarities in the datapoints previously rejected as uncategorizable. Systems that generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Jeremy Nixon , Jeremiah Liu , David Berthelot

Differential equations in general and neural ODEs in particular are an essential technique in continuous-time system identification. While many deterministic learning algorithms have been designed based on numerical integration via the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Lenart Treven , Philippe Wenk , Florian Dörfler , Andreas Krause

Semi-supervised learning (semi-SL) is a promising alternative to supervised learning for medical image analysis when obtaining good quality supervision for medical imaging is difficult. However, semi-SL assumes that the underlying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Nikhil Cherian Kurian , Varsha S , Abhijit Patil , Shashikant Khade , Amit Sethi

We define a novel, basic, unsupervised learning problem - learning the lowest density homogeneous hyperplane separator of an unknown probability distribution. This task is relevant to several problems in machine learning, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-01-22 Shai Ben-David , Tyler Lu , David Pal , Miroslava Sotakova

A typical issue in Pattern Recognition is the non-uniformly sampled data, which modifies the general performance and capability of machine learning algorithms to make accurate predictions. Generally, the data is considered non-uniformly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Riccardo La Grassa , Ignazio Gallo , Nicola Landro

The existing continual learning methods are mainly focused on fully-supervised scenarios and are still not able to take advantage of unlabeled data available in the environment. Some recent works tried to investigate semi-supervised…

Comprehensive evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) is an open research problem. Existing evaluations rely on deterministic point estimates generated via greedy decoding. However, we find that deterministic evaluations fail to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yan Scholten , Stephan Günnemann , Leo Schwinn
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