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We describe a UHV setup for grazing incidence fast atom diffraction (GIFAD) experiments. The overall geometry is simply a source of keV atoms facing an imaging detector. Therefore, It is very similar to the geometry of RHEED experiments,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-23 Peng Pan , Jaafar Najafi Rad , Philippe Roncin

An approach to visualize the accessible reciprocal space accounting the goniometer angles limitation and the resolution element in the reciprocal space is presented. The shapes of the accessible reciprocal space region for coplanar and…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-10-01 T. Ulyanenkova , A. Zhylik , A. Benediktovitch , A. Ulyanenkov

Dark-field X-ray microscopy is a new full-field imaging technique that nondestructively maps the structure and local strain inside deeply embedded crystalline elements in three dimensions. Placing an objective lens in the diffracted beam…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-03-10 H. F. Poulsen , L. E. Dresselhaus-Marais , M. A. Carlsen , C. Detlefs , G. Winther

X-ray ptychography is one of the versatile techniques for nanometer resolution imaging. The magnitude of the diffraction patterns is recorded on a detector and the phase of the diffraction patterns is estimated using phase retrieval…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-21 Prasan Shedligeri , Florian Schiffers , Semih Barutcu , Pablo Ruiz , Aggelos K Katsaggelos , Oliver Cossairt

Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) is a modern imaging technique used in material research to study nanoscale materials. Reconstruction of the parameters of an imaged object imposes an ill-posed inverse problem that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Maksim Zhdanov , Lisa Randolph , Thomas Kluge , Motoaki Nakatsutsumi , Christian Gutt , Marina Ganeva , Nico Hoffmann

Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) is a scattering technique which allows one to characterize the structure of fluid interfaces down to the molecular scale, including the measurement of the surface tension and of the interface…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-04-10 Felix Höfling , Siegfried Dietrich

Following the recent demonstration of grazing-incidence X-ray fluorescence (GIXRF) based characterization of the 3D atomic distribution of different elements and dimensional parameters of periodic nanoscale structures, this work presents a…

Wide Range Reciprocal Space Mapping (WR-RSM) is a technique that allows visualisation of the geometric relationships among multiple hkl spots in a single reciprocal space map. However, current commercial software for reconstructing WR-RSM…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-13 Xiaodong Wang , Michael W. M. Jones , Adam Smith

Diffraction tomography is an inverse scattering technique used to reconstruct the spatial distribution of the material properties of a weakly scattering object. The object is exposed to radiation, typically light or ultrasound, and the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Clemens Kirisits , Noemi Naujoks , Otmar Scherzer

Solving crystal structures from powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a central challenge in materials characterization. In this work, we study the powder XRD-to-structure mapping using gradient descent optimization, with the goal of recovering…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-04 Nofit Segal , Akshay Subramanian , Mingda Li , Benjamin Kurt Miller , Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli

Nuclear resonant x-ray diffraction in grazing incidence geometry is used to determine the lateral magnetic configuration in a one-dimensional lattice of ferromagnetic nanostripes. During magnetic reversal, strong nuclear superstructure…

Coherent imaging techniques such as ptychography offer powerful capabilities for 3D resolution of nanoscale structures. By application in grazing incidence, such techniques may achieve exceptional surface sensitivity as demonstrated by…

Reconstructing objects from posed images is a crucial and complex task in computer graphics and computer vision. While NeRF-based neural reconstruction methods have exhibited impressive reconstruction ability, they tend to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shuichang Lai , Letian Huang , Jie Guo , Kai Cheng , Bowen Pan , Xiaoxiao Long , Jiangjing Lyu , Chengfei Lv , Yanwen Guo

X-ray grating interferometry is an excellent technique for X-ray phase contrast imaging and X-ray wavefront sensing with applications in materials science, biology and medical diagnosis. Among other requirements, the method depends on the…

To study nanostructures on substrates, surface-sensitive reflection-geometry scattering techniques such as grazing incident small angle x-ray scattering are commonly used to yield an averaged statistical structural information of the…

GISAXS is often used as a versatile tool for the contactless and destruction-free investigation of nanostructured surfaces. However, due to the shallow incidence angles, the footprint of the X-ray beam is significantly elongated, limiting…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-06-20 Mika Pflüger , Victor Soltwisch , Jürgen Probst , Frank Scholze , Michael Krumrey

Capturing the 3D geometry of transparent objects is a challenging task, ill-suited for general-purpose scanning and reconstruction techniques, since these cannot handle specular light transport phenomena. Existing state-of-the-art methods,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Jiahui Lyu , Bojian Wu , Dani Lischinski , Daniel Cohen-Or , Hui Huang

In inverse rendering, accurately modeling visibility and indirect radiance for incident light is essential for capturing secondary effects. Due to the absence of a powerful Gaussian ray tracer, previous 3DGS-based methods have either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Chun Gu , Xiaofei Wei , Zixuan Zeng , Yuxuan Yao , Li Zhang

Understanding mechanical properties of materials requires not only complete determination of the three-dimensional response at a local scale, but also knowledge of the mode or the mechanism by which deformation takes place. Probing…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-04-28 David Bronfenbrenner , Matthew Bibee , Apurva Mehta

Differentiable 3D Gaussian splatting has emerged as an efficient and flexible rendering technique for representing complex scenes from a collection of 2D views and enabling high-quality real-time novel-view synthesis. However, its reliance…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Meenakshi Krishnan , Liam Fowl , Ramani Duraiswami