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The structural physical approximation (SPA) to a positive map is considered to be one of the most important method to detect entanglement in the real physical world. We first show that an arbitrary entanglement witness (EW) $W$ can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Bang-Hai Wang , Dong-Yang Long

Entanglement witnesses (EWs) are a collection of observables that can characterize separable states and, experimentally, estimating EWs can verify entangled states. In this work, we show that a fixed measurement setting on a multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Jaemin Kim , Anindita Bera , Dariusz Chruściński , Joonwoo Bae

Structural approximations to positive, but not completely positive maps are approximate physical realizations of these non-physical maps. They find applications in the design of direct entanglement detection methods. We show that many of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. K. Korbicz , M. L. Almeida , J. Bae , M. Lewenstein , A. Acin

We consider the inverse eigenvalue problem for entanglement witnesses, which asks for a characterization of their possible spectra (or equivalently, of the possible spectra resulting from positive linear maps of matrices). We completely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-02 Nathaniel Johnston , Everett Patterson

Multipartite entanglement is the key resource allowing quantum devices to outperform their classical counterparts, and entanglement certification is fundamental to assess any quantum advantage. The only scalable certification scheme relies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Irénée Frérot , Tommaso Roscilde

We introduce methods of characterizing entanglement, in which entanglement measures are enriched by the matrix representations of operators for observables. These observable operator matrix representations can enrich the partial trace over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Joe H. Winter , Reyhan Ay , Bernd Braunecker , A. M. Cook

The density matrix of composite spin system is discussed in relation to the adjoint representation of unitary group U(n). The entanglement structure is introduced as an additional ingredient to the description of the linear space carrying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. I. Man'ko , G. Marmo , E. C. G. Sudarshan , F. Zaccaria

We characterize a convex subset of entanglement witnesses for two qutrits. Equivalently, we provide a characterization of the set of positive maps in the matrix algebra of 3 x 3 complex matrices. It turns out that boundary of this set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-31 Dariusz Chruściński , Filip A. Wudarski

Continuous-variable Gaussian entanglement is an attractive notion, both as a fundamental concept in quantum information theory, based on the well-established Gaussian formalism for phase-space variables, and as a practical resource in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 E. Shchukin , P. van Loock

In this paper, we discuss some general connections between the notions of positive map, weak majorization and entropic inequalities in the context of detection of entanglement among bipartite quantum systems. First, basing on the fact that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-09 Remigiusz Augusiak , Julia Stasińska

We study stable subspaces of positive extremal maps of finite dimensional matrix algebras that preserve trace and matrix identity (so-called bistochastic maps). We have established the existence of the isometric-sweeping decomposition for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-18 Marek Miller , Robert Olkiewicz

We present a class of entanglement identifiers which has the following experimentally friendly feature: once the expectation value of the identifier exceeds some definite limit, we can conclude the state is entangled, even if not all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-22 Wieslaw Laskowski , Marcin Markiewicz , Tomasz Paterek , Ryszard Weinar

Verification of entanglement is an important tool to characterize sources and devices for use in quantum computing and communication applications. In a vast majority of experiments entanglement witnesses (EW) are used in order to prove the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-02 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Oleg Gittsovich , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Entanglement detection problem is one of the important problem in quantum information theory. Gurvit showed that this problem is NP complete and thus this may be the possible reason that only one criterion is not sufficient to detect all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-25 Shruti Aggarwal , Satyabrata Adhikari

We describe a generic way to improve a given linear entanglement witness by a quadratic, nonlinear term. This method can be iterated, leading to a whole sequence of nonlinear witnesses, which become stronger in each step of the iteration.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tobias Moroder , Otfried Gühne , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We investigate the issue of finding common entanglement witness for certain class of states and extend this study to the case of Schmidt number witnesses. We also introduce the notion of common decomposable and non-decomposable witness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-27 Nirman Ganguly , Satyabrata Adhikari , A. S. Majumdar

Entanglement, the essential resource in quantum information processing, should be witnessed in many tasks such as quantum computing and quantum communication. The conventional entanglement witness method, relying on an idealized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 Ping Xu , Xiao Yuan , Luo-Kan Chen , He Lu , Xing-Can Yao , Xiongfeng Ma , Yu-Ao Chen , Jian-Wei Pan

We provide a novel tool which may be used to construct new examples of positive maps in matrix algebras (or, equivalently, entanglement witnesses). It turns out that this can be used to prove positivity of several well known maps (such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-27 Justyna Pytel Zwolak , Dariusz Chruściński

We develop a strong and computationally simple entanglement criterion. The criterion is based on an elementary positive map Phi which operates on state spaces with even dimension N >= 4. It is shown that Phi detects many entangled states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Heinz-Peter Breuer

Quantum entanglement lies at the heart of quantum mechanical and quantum information processing. Following the question who \emph{witnesses} entanglement witnesses, we show entangled states play as the role of super entanglement witnesses.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-30 Bang-Hai Wang