Related papers: The quaternion group has ghost number three

We continue the analysis of the ghost wedge states in the oscillator formalism by studying the spectral properties of the ghost matrices of Neumann coefficients. We show that the traditional spectral representation is not valid for these…

We study certain polynomial trace identities in the group $SL(2,\IC)$ and their application in the theory of discrete groups. We obtain canonical representations for two generator groups in \S 4 and then in \S 5 we give a new proof for…

Let $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ be a finite field of characteristic $p$, and let $W_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})$ be the ring of Witt vectors of length two over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$. We prove that for any reductive group scheme $\mathbb{G}$ over $\mathbb{Z}$ such…

The ghost algebra is a two-boundary extension of the Temperley-Lieb algebra, constructed recently via a diagrammatic presentation. The existing two-boundary Temperley-Lieb algebra has a basis of two-boundary string diagrams, where the…

A simple and self-contained treatment of the superstring BRST no-ghost theorem at non-zero momentum and arbitrary picture number is presented. We prove by applying the spectral sequence that the absolute BRST cohomology is isomorphic to two…

We classify all torsion-free derived arithmetic Fuchsian groups of genus two by commensurability class. In particular, we show that there exist no such groups arising from quaternion algebras over number fields of degree greater than 5. We…

We prove that if the cardinality of a subset of the 2-dimensional vector space over a finite field with $q$ elements is $\ge \rho q^2$, with $\frac{1}{\sqrt{q}}<<\rho \leq 1$, then it contains an isometric copy of $\ge c\rho q^3$ triangles.

Let A be a basic connected finite dimensional algebra over a field k and let Q be the ordinary quiver of A. To any presentation of A with Q and admissible relations, R. Martinez-Villa and J. A. de La Pena have associated a group called the…

The color matrix elements of the ghost triangle diagram that appears in the triple gluon vertex and the ghost-ghost-gluon triangle diagram that appears in the ghost-gluon-ghost vertex are calculated. The ghost-ghost-gluon triangle contains…

Let $X$ be a smooth projective quadric defined over a field of characteristic 2. We prove that in the Chow group of codimension 2 or 3 of $X$ the torsion subgroup has at most two elements. In codimension 2, we determine precisely when this…

One of the remarkable differences between renormalizable quantum gravity with four-derivative action and its superrenormalizable polynomial generalizations is that the latter admit a more sophisticated particle mass spectrum. Already in the…

Let $F=\mathbb{F}_q(T)$ be the field of rational functions with $\mathbb{F}_q$-coefficients, and $A=\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ be the subring of polynomials. Let $D$ be a division quaternion algebra over $F$ which is split at $1/T$. Given an…

We consider the periplectic supergroup ${\bf P} (n)$ over a ground field $\Bbbk$ of characteristic $p>2$. We show that there are four blocks of ${\bf P} (n)$ of simple supermodules $L^{\epsilon}(\lambda)$ corresponding to dominant weights…

A brief review of the physics of systems including higher derivatives in the Lagrangian is given. All such systems involve ghosts, i.e. the spectrum of the Hamiltonian is not bounded from below and the vacuum ground state is absent. Usually…

We investigate three-form gauge theories with higher derivative interactions and their supersymmetric extensions in four space-time dimensions. For the bosonic three-form gauge theories, we show that derivatives on the field strength of the…

For a finite group $G$, we define a ghost ring and a mark homomorphism for the double Burnside ring of left-free $(G,G)$-bisets. In analogy to the case of the Burnside ring $B(G)$, the ghost ring has a much simpler ring structure, and after…

The question of whether a split tensor product of quaternion algebras with involution over a field of characteristic two can be expressed as a tensor product of split quaternion algebras with involution, is shown to have an affirmative…

We consider surfaces of geometric genus $3$ with the property that their transcendental cohomology splits into $3$ pieces, each piece coming from a $K3$ surface. For certain families of surfaces with this property, we can show there is a…

We analyze the ghost issue in the recently proposed models of non-linear massive gravity in the ADM formalism. We show that, in the entire two-parameter family of actions, the Hamiltonian constraint is maintained at the complete non-linear…

Let $\Omega$ be a smooth compact oriented 3-dimensional Riemannian manifold with boundary. A quaternion field is a pair $q=\{\alpha,u\}$ of a function $\alpha$ and a vector field $u$ on $\Omega$. A field $q$ is {\it harmonic} if $\alpha, u$…