Related papers: The quaternion group has ghost number three

Representations of two bridge knot groups in the isometry group of some complete Riemannian 3-manifolds as $E^{3}$ (Euclidean 3-space), $H^{3}$ (hyperbolic 3-space) and $ E^{2,1}$ (Minkowski 3-space), using quaternion algebra theory, are…

We study normal extensions with Galois group Hol($C_8$) that are unramified over a complex quadratic subfield. The Galois group is either the semi-dihedral group or the modular group of order $16$. We present an explicit construction of…

We introduce the ghost algebra, a two-boundary generalisation of the Temperley-Lieb (TL) algebra, using a diagrammatic presentation. The existing two-boundary TL algebra has a basis of string diagrams with two boundaries, and the number of…

We present a novel way to constrain the ghost field with respect to other physical fields present in a given theory such that the theory becomes quantizable. This is achieved by imposing positivity of the total kinetic energy of the system…

We prove that the restriction of any nontrivial representation of the Ree groups $^2F_{4}(q), q=2^{2n+1}\geq8$ in odd characteristic to any proper subgroup is reducible. We also determine all triples $(K, V, H)$ such that $K \in \{^2F_4(2),…

We prove (by a case-by-case analysis) a conjecture of Bernstein/Schwarzman to the effect that quotients of abelian varieties by suitable actions of (complex) reflection groups are weighted projective spaces, and show that this remains true…

It has been suggested that using a gauge fixing Lagrangian that is not quadratic in a gauge fixing condition is most appropriate for gauge theories formulated on a hypersphere. We reexamine the appropriate ghost action that is to be…

In this paper we count the number of k-potent elements over HZp , the quaternion algebra over Zp, and we give a descriptive formula for the general case. For k in {3, 4, 5}, we give an explicit formula for these values. Moreover, as an…

Contrary to common belief, it is shown that theories whose field equations are higher than second order in derivatives need not be stricken with ghosts. In particular, the prototypical fourth-order derivative Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator model…

In this paper we show that a split central simple algebra with quadratic pair which decomposes into a tensor product of quaternion algebras with involution and a quaternion algebra with quadratic pair is adjoint to a quadratic Pfister form.…

We analyze the first-order formulation of the ghost-free bigravity model in three-dimensions known as zwei-dreibein gravity. For a special choice of parameters, it was argued to have an additional gauge symmetry and give rise to a partially…

We study ghosts in multimetric gravity by combining the mini-superspace and the Hamiltonian constraint analysis. We first revisit bimetric gravity and explain why it is ghost-free. Then, we apply our method to trimetric gravity and clarify…

In this note we give representations for the partition algebra A_3(Q) in Young's seminormal form. For this purpose, we also give characterizations of A_n(Q) and$A_{n-1/2}(Q).

We analyze the unitarity properties of higher derivative quantum field theories which are free of ghosts and ultraviolet singularities. We point out that in spite of the absence of ghosts most of these theories are not unitary. This result…

In this paper, we take the classic dihedral and quaternion groups and explore questions like "what if we replace $i=e^{2\pi i/4}$ in $Q_8$ with a larger root of unity?" and "what if we add a reflection to $Q_8$?" The delightful answers…

We prove the Burghelea Conjecture for groups satisfying some additional cohomological property.

In [2], an exhaustive construction is achieved for the class of all 4-dimensional unital division algebras over finite fields of odd order, whose left nucleus is not minimal and whose automorphism group contains Klein's four-group. We…

In characteristic two, it is shown that a central simple algebra of degree equal to a power of two with anisotropic orthogonal involution is totally decomposable, if it becomes either anisotropic or metabolic over all extensions of the…

It has been suggested that the dark energy that explains the observed accelerating expansion of the universe may arise due to the contribution to the vacuum energy of the QCD ghost in a time-dependent background. The argument uses a…

Let $n>1$ be an odd integer. We prove that there are infinitely many imaginary quadratic fields of the form $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{x^2-2y^n})$ whose ideal class group has an element of order $n$. This family gives a counter example to a…