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Related papers: Emoticons vs. Emojis on Twitter: A Causal Inferenc…

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Emoticons (e.g., :) and :( ) have been widely used in sentiment analysis and other NLP tasks as features to ma- chine learning algorithms or as entries of sentiment lexicons. In this paper, we argue that while emoticons are strong and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-17 Hao Wang , Jorge A. Castanon

Conversations in social media often contain the use of irony or sarcasm, when the users say the opposite of what they really mean. Irony markers are the meta-communicative clues that inform the reader that an utterance is ironic. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Debanjan Ghosh , Smaranda Muresan

Emojis are widely used in online financial communication, but it is unclear whether they provide transferable sentiment signals across languages, platforms, and asset communities. This study examines the extent to which emoji usage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ahmed Mahrous , Roberto Di Pietro

Emoji reactions are a frequently used feature of messaging platforms, yet their communicative role remains understudied. Prior work on emojis has focused predominantly on in-text usage, showing that emojis embedded in messages tend to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Serena Tardelli , Lorenzo Alvisi , Lorenzo Cima , Stefano Cresci , Maurizio Tesconi

Usage of emoji in social media platforms has seen a rapid increase over the last few years. Majority of the social media posts are laden with emoji and users often use more than one emoji in a single social media post to express their…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Anurag Illendula , Manish Reddy Yedulla

Emojis have established themselves as a popular means of communication in online messaging. Despite the apparent ubiquity in these image-based tokens, however, interpretation and ambiguity may allow for unique uses of emojis to appear. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Keenan Jones , Jason R. C. Nurse , Shujun Li

Over the past decade, emoji have emerged as a new and widespread form of digital communication, spanning diverse social networks and spoken languages. We propose to treat these ideograms as a new modality in their own right, distinct in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Spencer Cappallo , Stacey Svetlichnaya , Pierre Garrigues , Thomas Mensink , Cees G. M. Snoek

Emojis come with prepacked semantics making them great candidates to create new forms of more accessible communications. Yet, little is known about how much of this emojis semantic is agreed upon by humans, outside of textual contexts.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Justyna Czestochowska , Kristina Gligoric , Maxime Peyrard , Yann Mentha , Michal Bien , Andrea Grutter , Anita Auer , Aris Xanthos , Robert West

Emojis have become a universal language in online communication, often carrying nuanced and context-dependent meanings. Among these, irony poses a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to its inherent incongruity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yawen Zheng , Hanjia Lyu , Jiebo Luo

Emojis and emoticons serve as non-verbal cues and are increasingly prevalent across various platforms, including Modern Code Review. These cues often carry emotive or instructive weight for developers. Our study dives into the utility of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sharif Ahmed , Nasir U. Eisty

Generating emotional language is a key step towards building empathetic natural language processing agents. However, a major challenge for this line of research is the lack of large-scale labeled training data, and previous studies are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Xianda Zhou , William Yang Wang

Social media, as a means for computer-mediated communication, has been extensively used to study the sentiment expressed by users around events or topics. There is however a gap in the longitudinal study of how sentiment evolved in social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Wenjie Yin , Rabab Alkhalifa , Arkaitz Zubiaga

The semantics of emoji has, to date, been considered from a static perspective. We offer the first longitudinal study of how emoji semantics changes over time, applying techniques from computational linguistics to six years of Twitter data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Alexander Robertson , Farhana Ferdousi Liza , Dong Nguyen , Barbara McGillivray , Scott A. Hale

During online chats, body-language and vocal characteristics are not part of the communication mechanism making it challenging to facilitate an accurate interpretation of feelings, emotions, and attitudes. The use of emojis to express…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Moeen Mostafavi , Michael D. Porter

Emojis have become ubiquitous in online communication, serving as a universal medium to convey emotions and decorative elements. Their widespread use transcends language and cultural barriers, enhancing understanding and fostering more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Rafid Ishrak Jahan , Heng Fan , Haihua Chen , Yunhe Feng

With the explosive growth of social media, opinionated postings with emojis have increased explosively. Many emojis are used to express emotions, attitudes, and opinions. Emoji representation learning can be helpful to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Xiaowei Yuan , Jingyuan Hu , Xiaodan Zhang , Honglei Lv

In this effort we fine tuned different models based on BERT to detect the gender polarity of twitter accounts. We specially focused on analyzing the effect of using emojis and emoticons in performance of our model in classifying task. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Saba Yousefian Jazi , Amir Mirzaeinia , Sina Yousefian Jazi

Prior work has shown that Twitter users use skin-toned emoji as an act of self-representation to express their racial/ethnic identity. We test whether this signal of identity can influence readers' perceptions about the content of a post…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Alexander Robertson , Walid Magdy , Sharon Goldwater

Based on a large data set of emoji using behavior collected from smartphone users over the world, this paper investigates gender-specific usage of emojis. We present various interesting findings that evidence a considerable difference in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Zhenpeng Chen , Xuan Lu , Wei Ai , Huoran Li , Qiaozhu Mei , Xuanzhe Liu

Sentiment analysis on large-scale social media data is important to bridge the gaps between social media contents and real world activities including political election prediction, individual and public emotional status monitoring and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Yuxiao Chen , Jianbo Yuan , Quanzeng You , Jiebo Luo