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Boson sampling is one of the main quantum computation models to demonstrate the quantum computational advantage. However, this aim may be hard to realize considering two main kinds of noises, which are photon distinguishability and photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Yang Ji , Yongzheng Wu , Shi Wang , Jie Hou , Meiling Chen , Ming Ni

Detection of templates (e.g., sources) embedded in low-number count Poisson noise is a common problem in astrophysics. Examples include source detection in X-ray images, gamma-rays, UV, neutrinos, and search for clusters of galaxies and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 Eran O. Ofek , Barak Zackay

Image coaddition is one of the most basic operations that astronomers perform. In Paper~I, we presented the optimal ways to coadd images in order to detect faint sources and to perfrom flux measurements under the assumption that the noise…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 Barak Zackay , Eran O. Ofek

Image enhancement approaches often assume that the noise is signal independent, and approximate the degradation model as zero-mean additive Gaussian. However, this assumption does not hold for biomedical imaging systems where sensor-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Calvin-Khang Ta , Abhishek Aich , Akash Gupta , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

We propose a Bayesian uncertainty quantification method for large-scale imaging inverse problems. Our method applies to all Bayesian models that are log-concave, where maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) estimation is a convex optimization problem.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-07 Audrey Repetti , Marcelo Pereyra , Yves Wiaux

We study statistical detection of grayscale objects in noisy images. The object of interest is of unknown shape and has an unknown intensity, that can be varying over the object and can be negative. No boundary shape constraints are imposed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-02-24 Mikhail A. Langovoy , Olaf Wittich

Image production tools do not always create a clear image, noisy and blurry images are sometimes created. Among these cases, Poissonian noise is one of the most famous noises that appear in medical images and images taken in astronomy.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-14 Reza Parvaz

Increasingly large parameter spaces, used to more accurately model precision observables in physics, can paradoxically lead to large deviations in the inferred parameters of interest -- a bias known as volume projection effects -- when…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Alexander Reeves , Pierre Zhang , Henry Zheng

Searches for faint signals in counting experiments are often encountered in particle physics and astrophysics, as well as in other fields. Many problems can be reduced to the case of a model with independent and Poisson-distributed signal…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-02-14 Diego Casadei , Cornelius Grunwald , Kevin Kröninger , Florian Mentzel

The observations in many applications consist of counts of discrete events, such as photons hitting a detector, which cannot be effectively modeled using an additive bounded or Gaussian noise model, and instead require a Poisson noise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-13 Zachary T. Harmany , Roummel F. Marcia , Rebecca M. Willett

Over the past 10 years Bayesian methods have rapidly grown more popular as several computationally intensive statistical algorithms have become feasible with increased computer power. In this paper, we begin with a general description of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-19 David A. van Dyk , Alanna Connors , Vinay L. Kashyap , Aneta Siemiginowska

We pursue a novel morphometric analysis to detect sources in very-high-energy gamma-ray counts maps by structural deviations from the background noise without assuming any prior knowledge about potential sources. The rich and complex…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Michael A. Klatt , Klaus Mecke

A nonparanormal graphical model is a semiparametric generalization of a Gaussian graphical model for continuous variables in which it is assumed that the variables follow a Gaussian graphical model only after some unknown smooth monotone…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-23 Jami J. Mulgrave , Subhashis Ghosal

We study the impact of photometric signal to noise on the accuracy of derived structural parameters of unresolved star clusters using MCMC model fitting techniques. Star cluster images were simulated as a smooth surface brightness…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-14 D. Narbutis , A. Bridžius , D. Semionov

All techniques for denoising involve a notion of a true (noise-free) image, and a hypothesis space. The hypothesis space may reconstruct the image directly as a grayscale valued function, or indirectly by its Fourier or wavelet spectrum.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-29 Sajal Chakroborty , Suddhasattwa Das

Image reconstruction methods based on deep neural networks have shown outstanding performance, equalling or exceeding the state-of-the-art results of conventional approaches, but often do not provide uncertainty information about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Riccardo Barbano , Željko Kereta , Chen Zhang , Andreas Hauptmann , Simon Arridge , Bangti Jin

We present a novel, general-purpose method for deconvolving and denoising images from gridded radio interferometric visibilities using Bayesian inference based on a Gaussian process model. The method automatically takes into account…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 P. M. Sutter , Benjamin D. Wandelt , Jason D. McEwen , Emory F. Bunn , Ata Karakci , Andrei Korotkov , Peter Timbie , Gregory S. Tucker , Le Zhang

Raw images taken in low-light conditions are very noisy due to low photon count and sensor noise. Learning-based denoisers have the potential to reconstruct high-quality images. For training, however, these denoisers require large paired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Liying Lu , Raphaël Achddou , Sabine Süsstrunk

Uncertainty quantification is essential when dealing with ill-conditioned inverse problems due to the inherent nonuniqueness of the solution. Bayesian approaches allow us to determine how likely an estimation of the unknown parameters is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-16 Ali Siahkoohi , Gabrio Rizzuti , Felix J. Herrmann

Given fruitful works in the image monitoring, there is a lack of data-driven tools guiding the practitioners to select proper monitoring procedures. The potential model mismatch caused by the arbitrary selection could deviate the empirical…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-03 Tingnan Gong