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We present criptic, the Cosmic Ray Interstellar Propagation Tool using It\^o Calculus, a new open-source software package to simulate the propagation of cosmic rays through the interstellar medium and to calculate the resulting observable…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-05 Mark R. Krumholz , Roland M. Crocker , Matt L. Sampson

The spatial diffusion of energetic particles in a magnetic field composed of a large-scale background and a small-scale turbulent component should be expected to be anisotropic. While such anisotropic diffusion has been known for quite a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-17 Julien Dörner , Jonas Hellrung , Julia Becker Tjus , Horst Fichtner

The growth of magneto-hydrodynamic fluctuations relevant to cosmic ray confinement in and near their sources, and the effects of local plasma conditions is revisited. We consider cases where cosmic rays penetrate a medium which may contain…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-10 B. Reville , G. Giacinti , R. Scott

Shortfalls in cosmic ray (CR) propagation models obscure the CR sources and acceleration mechanisms. This problem became particularly obvious after the Fermi, Pamela, and AMS-02 have discovered the electron/positron and $p/$He spectral…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-09 Mikhail Malkov

In cosmic ray physics extensive progress has been made in recent years, both concerning theory and observation. The vast details in direct, indirect and secondary detections on the one hand provide the basis for a detailed modeling of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-11 Julia Becker Tjus , Lukas Merten

A model is introduced, in which the irregularity spectrum of the Galactic magnetic field beyond the dissipation length scale is first a Kolmogorov spectrum $k^{-5/3}$ at small scales $\lambda \, = \, 2 \pi/k$ with $k$ the wave-number, then…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-16 P. L. Biermann , L. I. Caramete , A. Meli , B. N. Nath , E. -S. Seo , V. de Souza , J. Becker Tjus

In this paper intergalatic electromagnetic cascades are used as a probe of cosmic ray sources. This is achieved as follows. In extragalactic space cosmic rays initiate electromagnetic cascades in which gamma-ray and neutrino emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-01 Anna Uryson

Cosmic ray propagation is diffusive because of pitch angle scattering by waves. We demonstrate that if the high-amplitude magnetohydrodynamic turbulence with $\tilde B/\langle B\rangle \sim 1$ is present on top of the mean field gradient,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-30 Mikhail V. Medvedev , Viktor V. Medvedev

Various studies firmly establish the fact that gamma-ray observations can act as a unique probe to detect the possible cosmic ray (CR) sources, study the CR density distribution and explore the average properties of interstellar medium…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Sayan Biswas , Nayantara Gupta

In our previous work, we have investigated Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) spectra and anisotropy from 100 GeV to PeV, under anisotropic propagation model with axisymmetric distributed galactic sources. Numerous observational evidence have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-12-24 Aifeng Li , Zhaodong Lv , Wei Liu , Yiqing Guo , Fangheng Zhang

We describe the calculation of the stochastically heated dust emission using the 3D ray-tracing dust radiative transfer code DART-Ray, which is designed to solve the dust radiative transfer problem for galaxies with arbitrary geometries. In…

This article aims at establishing new benchmark scenarios for Galactic cosmic-ray propagation in the GV-TV rigidity range, based on fits to the AMS-02 B/C data with the USINE v3.5 propagation code. We employ a new fitting procedure,…

We use the GALPROP code for cosmic-ray (CR) propagation to calculate the broad-band luminosity spectrum of the Milky Way related to CR propagation and interactions in the interstellar medium. This includes gamma-ray emission from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-10-01 A. W. Strong , T. A. Porter , S. W. Digel , G. Johannesson , P. Martin , I. V. Moskalenko , E. J. Murphy

GALPROP is a numerical code for calculating the galactic propagation of relativistic charged particles and the diffuse emissions produced during their propagation. The code incorporates as much realistic astrophysical input as possible…

The cosmic-ray propagation code GALPROP has been generalized to include fragmentation networks of arbitrary complexity. The code can now provide an alternative to leaky-box calculations for full isotopic abundance calculations and has the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko

Determining the spatial distribution of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) is fundamental to understand how these particles propagate in interstellar space and to infer their source spectra. The most sensitive method of studying this problem is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-26 Paolo Lipari , Silvia Vernetto

An analytical solution to the the three-dimensional telegraph equation is presented. This equation has recently received some attention but so far the treatment has been one-dimensional. By using the structural similarity to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 R. C. Tautz , I. Lerche

Nowadays, the calculation of the Galactic Cosmic Rays diffusion coefficient with direct microscopic numerical simulations is a widespread approach. In this work, we investigated the numerical limits for such calculations and demonstrated…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-14 Vladimir Yurovsky , Ilya Kudryashov

We consider the astrophysical implications of the diffusion equation solution for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) in the expanding universe, obtained in paper I (V.Berezinsky & A.Gazizov, ApJ 643 (2006) 8). The UHECR spectra are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-19 V. Berezinsky , A. Z. Gazizov

We consider the propagation of galactic cosmic rays under assumption that the interstellar medium is a fractal one. An anomalous diffusion equation in terms of fractional derivatives is used to describe of cosmic ray propagation. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. A. Lagutin , V. V. Uchaikin