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In the era of noisy-intermediate-scale quantum computers, we expect to see quantum devices with increasing numbers of qubits emerge in the foreseeable future. To practically run quantum programs, logical qubits have to be mapped to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-22 Will Finigan , Michael Cubeddu , Thomas Lively , Johannes Flick , Prineha Narang

Quantum mechanical problems are among the hardest to simulate and, in some cases, remain intractable even for the most powerful computers. Quantum computing has emerged as a new technological platform to address such challenges, with rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-01 Alexander Miessen

There is no unique way to encode a quantum algorithm into a quantum circuit. With limited qubit counts, connectivities, and coherence times, circuit optimization is essential to make the best use of near-term quantum devices. We introduce…

Quantum-classical hybrid algorithms offer a promising strategy for tackling computationally challenging problems, such as the maximum independent set (MIS) problem that plays a crucial role in areas like network design and data analysis.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Seokho Jeong , Juyoung Park , Jaewook Ahn

NISQ devices have several physical limitations and unavoidable noisy quantum operations, and only small circuits can be executed on a quantum machine to get reliable results. This leads to the quantum hardware under-utilization issue. Here,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Siyuan Niu , Aida Todri-Sanial

The rapid development of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices has raised the question of whether or not these devices will find commercial use. Unfortunately, a major shortcoming of many proposed NISQ-amenable algorithms, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Amara Katabarwa , Alex Kunitsa , Borja Peropadre , Peter Johnson

This paper presents the implementation of a quantum sequence alignment (QSA) algorithm on biological data in environments simulating noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. The approach to quantum bioinformatics adapts the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Floyd M. Creevey , Mingrui Jing , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Reservoir computing leverages rich, non-linear dynamics to process temporal data. Quantum variants promise enhanced expressivity from high-dimensional Hilbert spaces, yet their practical applicability is hindered by hardware noise and…

The overhead of quantum error correction (QEC) poses a major bottleneck for realizing fault-tolerant computation. To reduce this overhead, we exploit the idea of erasure qubits, relying on an efficient conversion of the dominant noise into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Shouzhen Gu , Alex Retzker , Aleksander Kubica

Quantum computers are inherently affected by noise. While in the long-term error correction codes will account for noise at the cost of increasing physical qubits, in the near-term the performance of any quantum algorithm should be tested…

Quantum computers in practice today require strict memory constraints, where 2-qubit operations can only be performed between the qubits closest to each other in a graph structure. So a quantum circuit must undergo a transformation to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Anpeng Zhang , Xiutao Feng , Shengyuan Xu

Molecular quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) may provide low-power, high-speed computational hardware for processing classical information. Simulation and modeling play an important role in the design of QCA circuits because fully-coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Nischal Binod Gautam , Enrique P. Blair

The quantum circuit model is the de-facto way of designing quantum algorithms. Yet any level of abstraction away from the underlying hardware incurs overhead. In the era of near-term, noisy, intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-27 Laura Clinton , Johannes Bausch , Toby Cubitt

Quantum logic gates must perform properly when operating on their standard input basis states, as well as when operating on complex superpositions of these states. Experiments using superconducting qubits have validated the truth table for…

We present a quantum algorithm based on the Generalized Quantum Master Equation (GQME) approach to simulate open quantum system dynamics on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. This approach overcomes the limitations of the…

In recent years, there has been a significant progress in the development of digital quantum processors. The state-of-the-art quantum devices are imperfect, and fully-algorithmic fault-tolerant quantum computing is a matter of future. Until…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-28 D. V. Babukhin , A. A. Zhukov , W. V. Pogosov

Quantum computing allows for the manipulation of highly correlated states whose properties quickly go beyond the capacity of any classical method to calculate. Thus one natural problem which could lend itself to quantum advantage is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Kevin Lively , Tim Bode , Jochen Szangolies , Jian-Xin Zhu , Benedikt Fauseweh

Quantum state preparation, also known as encoding or embedding, is a crucial initial step in many quantum algorithms and often constrains theoretical quantum speedup in fields such as quantum machine learning and linear equation solvers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Vittorio Pagni , Gary Schmiedinghoff , Kevin Lively , Michael Epping , Michael Felderer

We propose Quantum Enhanced Simulated Annealing (QESA), a novel hybrid optimization framework that integrates quantum annealing (QA) into simulated annealing (SA) to tackle continuous optimization problems. While QA has shown promise in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Hristo N. Djidjev

Simulating electronic structure on a quantum computer requires encoding of fermionic systems onto qubits. Common encoding methods transform a fermionic system of $N$ spin-orbitals into an $N$-qubit system, but many of the fermionic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Yu Shee , Pei-Kai Tsai , Cheng-Lin Hong , Hao-Chung Cheng , Hsi-Sheng Goan