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Let $S_{\rm div}(n)$ denote the set of permutations $\pi$ of $n$ such that for each $1\leq j \leq n$ either $j \mid \pi(j)$ or $\pi(j) \mid j$. These permutations can also be viewed as vertex-disjoint directed cycle covers of the divisor…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Nathan McNew

We study properties of 3-restricted min-wise independent sets of permutations and prove that the class of these sets is isomorphic to the class of subsets of vertices of multi-dimentional hypercube of certain size with certain pair-wise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-29 Victor Bargachev

Let $\mathbb{K}$ be a field of characteristic $0$. For each choice of distinct $a_1, \ldots, a_n\in \mathbb{K}$ and distinct $b_1, \ldots, b_n\in \mathbb{K}$, consider the sum $S=\sum_{i=1}^n a_i b_{\pi(i)}$ as $\pi$ ranges over the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Ruben Carpenter , Colin Defant , Noah Kravitz

A set $S$ of permutations is forcing if for any sequence $\{\Pi_i\}_{i \in \mathbb{N}}$ of permutations where the density $d(\pi,\Pi_i)$ converges to $\frac{1}{|\pi|!}$ for every permutation $\pi \in S$, it holds that $\{\Pi_i\}_{i \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-15 Martin Kurecka

We describe the statistical properties of the dynamics of the quadratic polynomials P_a(z):=e^{2\pi a i} z+z^2 on the complex plane, with a of high return times. In particular, we show that these maps are uniquely ergodic on their measure…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-02-09 Artur Avila , Davoud Cheraghi

Building on the work of Grinberg and Stanley, we begin a systematic study of permutations with a prescribed $X$-descent set. In particular, for a set $X \subseteq \mathbb{N}^2$, and $I \subseteq [n-1]$, we study the permutations $\pi \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Mohamed Omar

The periodic (ordinal) patterns of a map are the permutations realized by the relative order of the points in its periodic orbits. We give a combinatorial characterization of the periodic patterns of an arbitrary signed shift, in terms of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-01 Kassie Archer , Sergi Elizalde

Let $m, n$ be positive integers such that $m>1$ divides $n$. In this paper, we introduce a special class of piecewise-affine permutations of the finite set $[1, n]:=\{1, \ldots, n\}$ with the property that the reduction $\pmod m$ of $m$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-13 Lucas Reis , Sávio Ribas

Machines whose main purpose is to permute and sort data are studied. The sets of permutations that can arise are analysed by means of finite automata and avoided pattern techniques. Conditions are given for these sets being enumerated by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. Albert , M. D. Atkinson , N. Ruskuc

In the first paper in this series we estimated the probability that a random permutation $\pi\in\mathcal{S}_n$ has a fixed set of a given size. In this paper, we elaborate on the same method to estimate the probability that $\pi$ has $m$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-12 Sean Eberhard , Kevin Ford , Dimitris Koukoulopoulos

We consider uniform random permutations in classes having a finite combinatorial specification for the substitution decomposition. These classes include (but are not limited to) all permutation classes with a finite number of simple…

R. Pavlov and S. Schmieding provided recently some results about generic $\mathbb{Z}$-shifts, which rely mainly on an original theorem stating that isolated points form a residual set in the space of $\mathbb{Z}$-shifts such that all other…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Silvère Gangloff , Alonso Núñez

We characterize the d x d matrices whose numerical ranges are invariant by rotations of angle 2$\pi$/d.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Michel Crouzeix

Given a permutation $\pi$ chosen uniformly from $S_n$, we explore the joint distribution of $\pi(1)$ and the number of descents in $\pi$. We obtain a formula for the number of permutations with $\des(\pi)=d$ and $\pi(1)=k$, and use it to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Conger

We study scaling limits of random permutations ("permutons") constrained by having fixed densities of a finite number of patterns. We show that the limit shapes are determined by maximizing entropy over permutons with those constraints. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-01 Richard Kenyon , Daniel Kral , Charles Radin , Peter Winkler

The scope of this paper is two-fold. First, to present to the researchers in combinatorics an interesting implementation of permutations avoiding generalized patterns in the framework of discrete-time dynamical systems. Indeed, the orbits…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-09-05 José M. Amigó , Sergi Elizalde , Matthew B. Kennel

In this paper we investigate a class of (d+1) dimensional cosmological models with a cosmological constant possessing an R^d simply transitive symmetry group and show that it can be written in a form that manifests the effect of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Sigbjorn Hervik

We consider uniform random permutations in proper substitution-closed classes and study their limiting behavior in the sense of permutons. The limit depends on the generating series of the simple permutations in the class. Under a mild…

In this paper, we introduce plane permutations, i.e. pairs $\mathfrak{p}=(s,\pi)$ where $s$ is an $n$-cycle and $\pi$ is an arbitrary permutation, represented as a two-row array. Accordingly a plane permutation gives rise to three distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-26 Ricky X. F. Chen , Christian M. Reidys

A pure excedance in a permutation $\pi=\pi_1\pi_2\ldots \pi_n$ is a position $i<\pi_i$ such that there is no $j<i$ with $i\leq \pi_j<\pi_i$. We present a one-to-one correspondence on the symmetric group that transports pure excedances to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Jean-Luc Baril , Sergey Kirgizov