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Here, we present a variant of Nim with two piles. In the first pile, we have stones with a weight of 1, and in the second pile, we have stones with a weight of -2. Two Players take turns to take stones from one of the piles, and the total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-06 Shoei Takahashi , Hikaru Manabe , Aoi Murakami , Ryohei Miyadera

This paper introduces a variant of the impartial combinatorial game nim, called tree nim, as well as a particular case of tree nim called tripod nim. A certain existence-uniqueness result and a periodicity result are proven about the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Aidan Hennessey

Zeckendorf proved that every natural number $n$ can be expressed uniquely as a sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers, called its Zeckendorf decomposition. Baird-Smith, Epstein, Flint, and Miller created the Zeckendorf game, a two-player…

Let A be a finite subset of the naturals and let n be a natural. Let NIM(A;n) be the two player game in which players alternate removing $a\in A$ stones from a pile with $n$ stones; the first player who cannot move loses. This game has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Douglas Chen , William Gasarch

Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer $n$ can be written uniquely as the sum of non-adjacent Fibonacci numbers; a similar result holds for other positive linear recurrence sequences. These legal decompositions can be used to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Steven J. Miller , Eliel Sosis , Jingkai Ye

Circular nim $CN(m, k)$ is a variant of nim, in which there are $m$ piles of tokens arranged in a circle and each player, in their turn, chooses at most $k$ consecutive piles in the circle and removes an arbitrary number of tokens from each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Koki Suetsugu

Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer can be written as a decomposition of non-adjacent Fibonacci numbers. Baird-Smith, Epstein, Flint, and Miller converted the process of decomposing an integer $n$ into a 2-player game, using the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Caroline Cashman , Steven J. Miller , Jenna Shuffleton , Daeyoung Son

{\sc Yama Nim} is a variant of two piles {\sc Nim}. In this ruleset, the player chosses one of the piles and removes at least two tokens from the pile. In the same move, the player adds one token to the other pile. We show the winning…

The Grundy number of an impartial game G is the size of the unique Nim heap equal to G. We introduce a new variant of Nim, Restricted Nim, which restricts the number of stones a player may remove from a heap in terms of the size of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Lionel Levine

We compare to different extensions of the ancient game of nim: Moore's nim$(n, \leq k)$ and exact nim$(n, = k)$. Given integers $n$ and $k$ such that $0 < k \leq n$, we consider $n$ piles of stones. Two players alternate turns. By one move…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-01 Vladimir Gurvich , Artem Parfenov , Michael Vyalyi

Given $n$ piles of tokens and a positive integer $k \leq n$, the game Nim$^1_{n, =k}$ of exact slow $k$-Nim is played as follows. Two players move alternately. In each move, a player chooses exactly $k$ non-empty piles and removes one token…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-09 Nikolay Chikin , Vladimir Gurvich , Konstantin Knop , Mike Paterson , Michael Vyalyi

Wythoff's game is a modification of the well-known game of ``nim." Wythoff's game, which does not resemble the Fibonacci sequence, has direct relation to the Golden ratio. We will explore the sequence behind this surprising relationship,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-10-13 Vincent Wang , Nikhil Sampath , Eric Yule , Ethan Wang

Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer $n$ can be written uniquely as the sum of non-adjacent Fibonacci numbers. We use this to create a two-player game. Given a fixed integer $n$ and an initial decomposition of $n = n F_1$, the two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-17 Paul Baird-Smith , Alyssa Epstein , Kristen Flint , Steven J. Miller

We play a variation of Nim on stacks of tokens. Take your favorite increasing sequence of positive integers and color the tokens according to the following rule. Each token on a level that corresponds to a number in the sequence is colored…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-26 Michael Fisher , Urban Larsson

In this note, we investigate combinatorial games where both players move randomly (each turn, independently selecting a legal move uniformly at random). In this model, we provide closed-form expressions for the expected number of turns in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Pat Devlin , Paulina Trifonova

We describe PNim and RNim, two variants of Nim in which piles of tokens are replaced with integer partitions or hyperrectangles. In PNim, the players choose one of the integer partitions and remove a positive number of rows or a positive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Eric Gottlieb , Matjaž Krnc , Peter Muršič

In 1901, Bouton proved that a winning strategy of the game of Nim is given by the bitwise XOR, called the nim-sum. But, why does such a weird binary operation work? Led by this question, this paper introduces a categorical reinterpretation…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Ryuya Hora

In this paper, we propose a Quantum variation of combinatorial games, generalizing the Quantum Tic-Tac-Toe proposed by Allan Goff. A combinatorial game is a two-player game with no chance and no hidden information, such as Go or Chess. In…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Paul Dorbec , Mehdi Mhalla

Wythoff's Game is a variation of Nim in which players may take an equal number of stones from each pile or make valid Nim moves. W. A. Wythoff proved that the set of P-Positions (losing position), $C$, for Wythoff's Game is given by $C :=…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-16 Shubham Aggarwal , Jared Geller , Shuvom Sadhuka , Max Yu

A combinatorial game is a two-player game without hidden information or chance elements. The main object of combinatorial game theory is to obtain the outcome, which player has a winning strategy, of a given combinatorial game. Positions of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Kengo Hashimoto