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The solar system's dynamical state can be explained by an orbital instability among the giant planets. A recent model has proposed that the giant planet instability happened during terrestrial planet formation. This scenario has been shown…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-09 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers , Kevin J. Walsh

We develop a simple model for computing planetary formation based on the core instability model for the gas accretion and the oligarchic growth regime for the accretion of the solid core. In this model several planets can form…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yamila Miguel , Adrian Brunini

It is generally accepted that silicate-metal (`rocky') planet formation relies on coagulation from a mixture of sub-Mars sized planetary embryos and (smaller) planetesimals that dynamically emerge from the evolving circum-solar disc in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-26 R. Brasser , S. J. Mojzsis , S. C. Werner , S. Matsumura , S. Ida

The formation of a solar system is believed to have followed a multi-stage process around a protostar. Whipple first noted that planetesimal growth by particle agglomeration is strongly influenced by gas drag; there is a "bottleneck" at the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 J. S. Wettlaufer

Aims. In the context of the core instability model, we present calculations of in situ giant planet formation. The oligarchic growth regime of solid protoplanets is the model adopted for the growth of the core. Methods. The full…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Fortier , O. G. Benvenuto , A. Brunini

This work describes new dynamical simulations of terrestrial planet formation. The simulations started at the protoplanetary disk stage, when planetesimals formed and accreted into protoplanets, and continued past the late stage of giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 David Nesvorny , Alessandro Morbidelli , William F. Bottke , Rogerio Deienno , Max Goldberg

The dominant accretion process leading to the formation of the terrestrial planets of the Solar System is a subject of intense scientific debate. Two radically different scenarios have been proposed. The classic scenario starts from a disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-15 Alessandro Morbidelli , Thorsten Kleine , Francis Nimmo

The abundances of elements in the Earth and the terrestrial planets provide the initial conditions for life and clues as to the history and formation of the Solar System. We follow the pioneering work of Bond et al. (2010) and combine…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Sebastian Elser , Michael R. Meyer , Ben Moore

I examine the standard model of planet formation, including pebble accretion, using numerical simulations. Planetary embryos large enough to become giant planets do not form beyond the ice line within a typical disk lifetime unless icy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 J. E. Chambers

The formation and evolution of protoplanetary discs remains a challenge from both a theoretical and numerical standpoint. In this work we first perform a series of tests of our new hybrid algorithm presented in Glaschke, Amaro-Seoane and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Pau Amaro-Seoane , Patrick Glaschke , Rainer Spurzem

We consider the growth of a protoplanetary embryo embedded in a planetesimal disk. We take into account the dynamical evolution of the disk caused by (1) planetesimal-planetesimal interactions, which increase random motions and smooth…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Roman R. Rafikov

The goal of this research is to study how the fragmentation of planetary embryos can affect the physical and dynamical properties of terrestrial planets around solar-type stars. Our work focuses on the formation and evolution of planets and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-27 Agustín Dugaro , Gonzalo C. de Elía , Luciano A. Darriba

Impact-induced erosion of the Earth's early crust during accretion of terrestrial bodies can significantly modify the primordial chemical composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE, that is, the composition of the crust added to the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 Allibert L. , Siebert J. , Charnoz S. , Jacobson S. A. , Raymond S. N

It remains an elusive goal to simultaneously model the astrophysics of Solar System accretion while reproducing the mantle chemistry of more than one inner terrestrial planet. Here, we used a multistage core-mantle differentiation model…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-10 Gabriel Nathan , David C. Rubie , Seth A. Jacobson

Pairwise collisions between terrestrial embryos are the dominant means of accretion during the last stage of planet formation. Hence, their realistic treatment in N-body studies is critical to accurately model the formation of terrestrial…

Super-Earths with orbital periods less than 100 days are extremely abundant around Sun-like stars. It is unlikely that these planets formed at their current locations. Rather, they likely formed at large distances from the star and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 André Izidoro , Alessandro Morbidelli , Sean N. Raymond

A critical phase in the standard model for planet formation is the runaway growth phase. During runaway growth bodies in the 0.1--100 km size range (planetesimals) quickly produce a number of much larger seeds. The runaway growth phase is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Chris Ormel , Satoshi Okuzumi

Models of planet formation are mainly focused on the accretion and dynamical processes of the planets, neglecting their chemical composition. In this work, we calculate the condensation sequence of the different chemical elements for a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-25 M. P. Ronco , A. Thiabaud , U. Marboeuf , Y. Alibert , G. C. de Elía , O. M. Guilera

Conventional planet formation theory suggests that chondritic materials have delivered crucial atmospheric and hydrospheric elements such as carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and hydrogen (H) onto primitive Earth. However, recent measurements…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Howard Chen , Seth A. Jacobson

This pedagogical chapter covers the theory of planet formation, with an emphasis on the physical processes relevant to current research. After summarizing empirical constraints from astronomical and geophysical data, we describe the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Andrew N. Youdin , Scott J. Kenyon