Related papers: Hofstadter's problem for curious readers
The first-order theory of finite and infinite trees has been studied since the eighties, especially by the logic programming community. Following Djelloul, Dao and Fr\"uhwirth, we consider an extension of this theory with an additional…
The Hofstadter Q-sequence is a prominent example of nested recurrence. Despite decades of study, it is not even known whether Q(n) is defined for all n. Mantovanelli introduced a parity-perturbed variant $\widetilde{Q}$, obtained by adding…
This article is centered around generalizing a previous implicit function theorem of the author to be applicable for maps f:E sqcap F to F which can be lifted to Keller C^k_pi maps f_i:E sqcap F_i to F_i with F_i Banach and F=projlim F_i .…
Let $A$ be a finite-dimensional algebra over an algebraically closed field. The problem of constructing indecomposable $A$-modules inductively from simple ones by means of exact sequences - called accessibility - is the starting point of…
J. E. Hirsch (2005) introduced the h-index to quantify an individual's scientific research output by the largest number h of a scientist's papers, that received at least h citations. This so-called Hirsch index can be easily modified to…
The Halting Problem is a version of the Liar's Paradox.
In 1952, Heinrich Scholz published a question in the Journal of Symbolic Logic asking for a characterization of spectra, i.e., sets of natural numbers that are the cardinalities of finite models of first order sentences. G\"unter Asser…
A rather easy yet rigorous proof of a version of G\"odel's first incompleteness theorem is presented. The version is "each recursively enumerable theory of natural numbers with 0, 1, +, *, =, logical and, logical not, and the universal…
This short squib looks at how using a broader definition of G\"odel numbering to mimic the accessibility relation between possible worlds results in two-world systems that sidestep undecidable sentences as well as the Liar paradox.
We study the complexity of the following related computational tasks concerning a fixed countable graph G: 1. Does a countable graph H provided as input have a(n induced) subgraph isomorphic to G? 2. Given a countable graph H that has a(n…
In 1963 [Ann. of Math. {\bf 78}, 267-288], Gerstenhaber invented a \emph{comp(osition)} calculus in the Hochschild complex of an associative algebra. In this paper, the first steps of the Gerstenhaber theory are exposed in an abstract (comp…
We develop a new approach of extension calculus in the category of strict polynomial functors, based on Troesch complexes. We obtain new short elementary proofs of numerous classical Ext-computations as well as new results. In particular,…
We provide a writeup of a resolution of Erd\H{o}s Problem #728; this is the first Erd\H{o}s problem (a problem proposed by Paul Erd\H{o}s which has been collected in the Erd\H{o}s Problems website) regarded as fully resolved autonomously by…
The set of integer number lists with finite length, and the set of binary trees with integer labels are both countably infinite. Many inductively defined types also have countably many elements. In this paper, we formalize the syntax of…
For a finite field $\mathbb{F}$, it is a basic result of Galois theory that the fixed field $E$ of $\text{Aut}(\mathbb{F}(x)/\mathbb{F})$ is a proper extension of $\mathbb{F}$. In this expository paper we construct, for all finite fields,…
In this paper, we study the three-term nested recurrence relation $B(n)=B(n-B(n-1))+B(n-B(n-2))+B(n-B(n-3))$ subject to initial conditions where the first $N$ terms are the integers $1$ through $N$. This recurrence is the three-term analog…
Boltzmann's work, ``Ueber die sogenannte H-Curve," discusses his demonstration of the essential characteristics of the H-curve in a clear, concise, and precise style, showcasing his efforts to persuade his peers. To make these findings more…
This is a companion to a paper by the authors entitled "G\"odel on deduction", which examined the links between some philosophical views ascribed to G\"odel and general proof theory. When writing that other paper, the authors were not…
In 1995, the first author introduced a multivariate generating function {$G$} that tracks the distribution of ascents and descents in labeled binary trees. In addition to proving that $G$ is symmetric, he conjectured that $G$ is Schur…
Let $X,Y$ be two Hilbert spaces, $E$ a subset of $X$ and $G: E \to Y$ a Lipschitz mapping. A famous theorem of Kirszbraun's states that there exists $\widetilde{G} : X \to Y$ with $\widetilde{G}=G$ on $E$ and…