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Tor is a low-latency anonymous communication network that protects user privacy by encrypting website traffic. However, recent website fingerprinting (WF) attacks have shown that encrypted traffic can still leak users' visited websites by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuhao Pan , Wenchao Xu , Fushuo Huo , Haozhao Wang , Xiucheng Wang , Nan Cheng

As cyber threats continue to evolve and diversify, it has become increasingly challenging to identify the root causes of security breaches that occur between periodic security assessments. This paper explores the fundamental importance of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Prakhar Paliwal , Arjun Sable , Manjesh K. Hanawal

In this demonstration, we put ourselves in the place of a website manager who seeks to use browser fingerprinting for web authentication. The first step is to choose the attributes to implement among the hundreds that are available. To do…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Nampoina Andriamilanto , Tristan Allard

The vulnerabilities of fingerprint-based recognition systems to direct attacks with and without the cooperation of the user are studied. Two different systems, one minutiae-based and one ridge feature-based, are evaluated on a database of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-16 J. Galbally , J. Fierrez , F. Alonso-Fernandez , M. Martinez-Diaz

Dark web crawling is a complex process that involves specific methodologies and techniques to navigate the Tor network and extract data from hidden services. This study proposes a general dark web crawler designed to extract pages handling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Daniel De Pascale , Giuseppe Cascavilla , Damian A. Tamburri , Willem-Jan Van Den Heuvel

Service fingerprinting (i.e. the identification of network services and other applications on computing systems) is an essential part of penetration tests. The main contribution of this paper is a study on the improvement of fingerprinting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-05 Michael Hanspach , Ralf Schumann , Stefan Schemmer , Sebastian Vandersee

In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to automatically generate fingerprints for various web server types using multifactor Bayesian inference on randomly selected servers on the Internet, without building an a priori catalog of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-05-02 Theodore Book , Martha Witick , Dan S. Wallach

Tor, an onion-routing anonymity network, has been shown to be vulnerable to Website Fingerprinting (WF), which de-anonymizes web browsing by analyzing the unique characteristics of the encrypted network traffic. Although many defenses have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Jiajun Gong , Wuqi Zhang , Charles Zhang , Tao Wang

Transfer learning has become a common solution to address training data scarcity in practice. It trains a specified student model by reusing or fine-tuning early layers of a well-trained teacher model that is usually publicly available.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Yufei Chen , Chao Shen , Cong Wang , Yang Zhang

As LLM-based agents increasingly browse the web on users' behalf, a natural question arises: can websites passively identify which underlying model powers an agent? Doing so would represent a significant security risk, enabling targeted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 William Lugoloobi , Samuelle Marro , Jabez Magomere , Joss Wright , Chris Russell

Fingerprinting of quantum computer devices is a new threat that poses a challenge to shared, cloud-based quantum computers. Fingerprinting can allow adversaries to map quantum computer infrastructures, uniquely identify cloud-based devices…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Allen Mi , Shuwen Deng , Jakub Szefer

Fingerprint verification systems are becoming ubiquitous in everyday life. This trend is propelled especially by the proliferation of mobile devices with fingerprint sensors such as smartphones and tablet computers, and fingerprint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Carsten Gottschlich

Tor is a communications infrastructure widely used for unfettered and anonymous access to Internet websites. Tor is also used to access sites on the .onion virtual domain. The focus of .onion use and discussion has traditionally been on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-15 Paul Syverson , Griffin Boyce

The increase in the number of phishing demands innovative solutions to safeguard users from phishing attacks. This study explores the development and utilization of a real-time browser extension integrated with machine learning model to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Akshaya Arun , Nasr Abosata

Phishing is a prevalent cyberattack that uses look-alike websites to deceive users into revealing sensitive information. Numerous efforts have been made by the Internet community and security organizations to detect, prevent, or train users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Gaurav Varshney , Akanksha Raj , Divya Sangwan , Sharif Abuadbba , Rina Mishra , Yansong Gao

Browser fingerprinting consists into collecting attributes from a web browser. Hundreds of attributes have been discovered through the years. Each one of them provides a way to distinguish browsers, but also comes with a usability cost…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Nampoina Andriamilanto , Tristan Allard , Gaëtan Le Guelvouit

Mobile devices store a diverse set of private user data and have gradually become a hub to control users' other personal Internet-of-Things devices. Access control on mobile devices is therefore highly important. The widely accepted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Mathias Payer , Reza Moazzezi , Mario Frank

In this digital era, our lives highly depend on the internet and worldwide technology. Wide usage of technology and platforms of communication makes our lives better and easier. But on the other side it carries out some security issues and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Muhammad Shoaib Farooq , Hina jabbar

Anonymity systems like Tor are vulnerable to Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks, where a local passive eavesdropper infers the victim's activity. Current WF attacks based on deep learning classifiers have successfully overcome numerous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Shawn Shan , Arjun Nitin Bhagoji , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

We propose a framework by which websites can coordinate to detect credential stuffing on individual user accounts. Our detection algorithm teases apart normal login behavior (involving password reuse, entering correct passwords into the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Ke Coby Wang , Michael K. Reiter