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Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is widely used as a generative model to approximate a model's posterior on latent variables by combining the amortized variational inference and deep neural networks. However, when paired with strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Qile Zhu , Jianlin Su , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu , Xiyao Ma , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

A key advance in learning generative models is the use of amortized inference distributions that are jointly trained with the models. We find that existing training objectives for variational autoencoders can lead to inaccurate amortized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Shengjia Zhao , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

A variational autoencoder (VAE) is a probabilistic machine learning framework for posterior inference that projects an input set of high-dimensional data to a lower-dimensional, latent space. The latent space learned with a VAE offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Rafael Pastrana

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models widely used for learning interpretable latent spaces, quantifying uncertainty, and compressing data for downstream generative tasks. VAEs typically rely on diagonal Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peter Sorrenson , Lukas Lührs , Hans Olischläger , Ullrich Köthe

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a popular generative model used to approximate distributions. The encoder part of the VAE is used in amortized learning of latent variables, producing a latent representation for data samples. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-12 Daniel G. Edelberg , Roy R. Lederman

The surrogate loss of variational autoencoders (VAEs) poses various challenges to their training, inducing the imbalance between task fitting and representation inference. To avert this, the existing strategies for VAEs focus on adjusting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zhangkai Wu , Longbing Cao , Lei Qi

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a generative model with continuous latent variables where a pair of probabilistic encoder (bottom-up) and decoder (top-down) is jointly learned by stochastic gradient variational Bayes. We first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-19 Suwon Suh , Seungjin Choi

Variational Autoencoders are powerful models for unsupervised learning. However deep models with several layers of dependent stochastic variables are difficult to train which limits the improvements obtained using these highly expressive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-30 Casper Kaae Sønderby , Tapani Raiko , Lars Maaløe , Søren Kaae Sønderby , Ole Winther

This paper introduces a new interpretation of the Variational Autoencoder framework by taking a fully geometric point of view. We argue that vanilla VAE models unveil naturally a Riemannian structure in their latent space and that taking…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-04 Clément Chadebec , Stéphanie Allassonnière

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular model for density estimation and representation learning. Canonically, the variational principle suggests to prefer an expressive inference model so that the variational approximation is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-10 Rui Shu , Hung H. Bui , Shengjia Zhao , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Stefano Ermon

Multimodal Variational Autoencoders have emerged as a popular tool to extract effective representations from rich multimodal data. However, such models rely on fusion strategies in latent space that destroy the joint statistical structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Federico Caretti , Guido Sanguinetti

Variational Autoencoders are one of the most commonly used generative models, particularly for image data. A prominent difficulty in training VAEs is data that is supported on a lower-dimensional manifold. Recent work by Dai and Wipf (2020)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Frederic Koehler , Viraj Mehta , Chenghui Zhou , Andrej Risteski

The variational autoencoder (VAE) framework remains a popular option for training unsupervised generative models, especially for discrete data where generative adversarial networks (GANs) require workaround to create gradient for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Jason Chou , Gautam Hathi

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular probabilistic generative model. However, one shortcoming of VAEs is that the latent variables cannot be discrete, which makes it difficult to generate data from different modes of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-21 Jay A. Hennig , Akash Umakantha , Ryan C. Williamson

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful architecture capable of representation learning and generative modeling. When it comes to learning interpretable (disentangled) representations, VAE and its variants show unparalleled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Michal Rolinek , Dominik Zietlow , Georg Martius

Variational autoencoders (VAE) are directed generative models that learn factorial latent variables. As noted by Burda et al. (2015), these models exhibit the problem of factor over-pruning where a significant number of stochastic factors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Serena Yeung , Anitha Kannan , Yann Dauphin , Li Fei-Fei

Learning from an imbalanced distribution presents a major challenge in predictive modeling, as it generally leads to a reduction in the performance of standard algorithms. Various approaches exist to address this issue, but many of them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Samuel Stocksieker , Denys Pommeret , Arthur Charpentier

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are popular generative models used to sample from complex data distributions. Despite their empirical success in various machine learning tasks, significant gaps remain in understanding their theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-23 Sobihan Surendran , Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Sylvain Le Corff

We propose Tree Variational Autoencoder (TreeVAE), a new generative hierarchical clustering model that learns a flexible tree-based posterior distribution over latent variables. TreeVAE hierarchically divides samples according to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Laura Manduchi , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Alain Ryser , Julia Vogt

In just three years, Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have emerged as one of the most popular approaches to unsupervised learning of complicated distributions. VAEs are appealing because they are built on top of standard function…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-05 Carl Doersch