Related papers: In defence of negative temperature
We consider viscous, heat conducting mixtures of molecularly miscible chemical species forming a fluid in which the constituents can undergo chemical reactions. Assuming a common temperature for all components, we derive a closed system of…
Three different definitions of effective temperature -- $\mathcal{T}_{\rm k}$, $\mathcal{T}_{\rm i}$ and $\mathcal{T}_{\rm r}$ related to kinetic theory, system entropy and response theory, respectively -- are applied in the description of…
In 1939, von Neumann argued for the equivalence of the thermodynamic entropy and $-\text{Tr}\rho\ln\rho$, since known as the von Neumann entropy. Hemmo and Shenker (2006) recently challenged this argument by pointing out an alleged…
Time directions are not invariant in conventional thermodynamics. We broadly follow ideas of Ludwig Boltzmann and investigate implications of postulating time-directional invariance in thermodynamics. In this investigation, we require that…
The geometric entropy in quantum field theory is not a Lorentz scalar and has no invariant meaning, while the black hole entropy is invariant. Renormalization of entropy and energy for reduced density matrices may lead to the negative free…
I will argue, pace a great many of my contemporaries, that there's something right about Boltzmann's attempt to ground the second law of thermodynamics in a suitably amended deterministic time-reversal invariant classical dynamics, and that…
Many complex systems are characterized by non-Boltzmann distribution functions of their statistical variables. If one wants to -- justified or not -- hold on to the maximum entropy principle for complex statistical systems (non-Boltzmann)…
Despite its enormous empirical success, the formalism of quantum theory still raises fundamental questions: why is nature described in terms of complex Hilbert spaces, and what modifications of it could we reasonably expect to find in some…
Consistency constraints for low-energy theories, especially those lacking Lorentz invariance, have recently garnered attention. Building on results from black hole thermodynamics, we investigate the conjecture that leading irrelevant…
In ordinary Boltzmann-Gibbs thermostatistics, the relative entropy expression plays the role of generalized free energy, providing the difference between the off-equilibrium and equilibrium free energy terms associated with Boltzmann-Gibbs…
Landauer principle describes the minimum heat produced by an information-processing device. Recently a new term has been included in the minimum heat production: it's called conditional entropy and takes into account the microstates content…
The quantum thermodynamic property of the fractional damping system is investigated extensively. A fractional power-law decaying entropy function is revealed which presents another evidence for the validity of the third law of…
Many discussions in the literature of spacetimes with more than one Killing horizon note that some horizons have positive and some have negative surface gravities, but assign to all a positive temperature. However, the first law of…
When the difference between changes in energy and entropy at a given temperature is correlated with the ratio between the same changes in energy and entropy at zero average free energy of an ensemble of similar but distinct molecule-sized…
A generalization of the Gibbs entropy postulate is proposed based on the BBGKY hierarchy as the nonequilibrium entropy for a system of N interacting particles. This entropy satisfies the basic principles of thermodynamics in the sense that…
Reciprocal relations correlate fairly accurately a great variety of experimental results. Nevertheless, the concepts of statistical fluctuations, and microscopic reversibility - the bases of the accepted proof of the relations by Onsager -…
The Yang-Mills-aether theory is considered. Implications of the non-abelian aether-like term, which introduces violation of Lorentz symmetry, is investigated in a thermal quantum field theory. The Thermofield Dynamics formalism is used to…
Working in the framework of generalized statistics, the problem of establishing the third law of thermodynamics in the black hole physics is studied by focusing on Schwarzschild black hole which easily and clearly exposes the violation of…
It exists a large class of systems for which the traditional notion of extensivity breaks down. From experimental examples we induce two general hypothesis concerning such systems. In the first the existence of an internal coordinate system…
Entropy is a very useful concept from physics that tries to explain how a system behaves from a point of view of the thermodynamics. However, there are two ways to explain entropy, and it depends on if we are studying a microsystem or a…