Related papers: In defence of negative temperature
A way to construct Boltzmann entropy, i.e., the entropy as a function of a microscopic pure state, for quantum field systems is proposed. Operators that shift the field in wavevector space are used in the construction. By employing an…
It is important to be able to calculate the moist-air entropy of the atmosphere with precision. A potential temperature has already been defined from the third law of thermodynamics for this purpose. However, a doubt remains as to whether…
Entropy concept was introduced by Clausius 160 years ago, and has been continually enriched, developed and interpreted by the researchers in many different scientific disciplines ever since. Thermodynamics and other scientific disciplines…
A formal linear vector field representation for scientific equations is developed to rationalize the intuitive methods that are constantly employed. It is shown that unlike mechanical units that appear in the basis of the space, the reduced…
We brief{}ly review the connection between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. We show that, in order to satisfy thermodynamics and its Legendre transformation mathematical frame, the celebrated Boltzmann-Gibbs~(BG) statistical…
From black hole thermodynamics, the Bekenstein bound has been proposed as a universal thermal entropy bound. It has been further generalized to an entanglement entropy bound which is valid even in a quantum system. In a quantumly entangled…
It is shown that the Gibbs paradox is actually paralogism, viz. an erroneous statement sounding credible due to the statistic-mechanical interpretation of entropy as a measure of "any and all" irreversibility. As an alternative, the…
In this note we compare the entropy principle and the objectivity arguments in the methodologies of Dunn and Serrin [1] and in the more recent weakly nonlocal thermodynamic analysis of Korteweg-type fluids in [2]. It is concluded that the…
It is shown that the concept of nonadditive black hole entropy leads to the contradictory implications in the framework of statistical thermodynamics. In particular, a black hole with the nonadditive entropy cannot be in thermal equilibrium…
Temperature is usually defined for physical systems at thermal equilibrium. Nevertheless one may wonder if it would be possible to attribute a meaningful notion of temperature to an arbitrary quantum state, beyond simply the thermal (Gibbs)…
Quantum thermodynamics addresses the emergence of thermodynamical laws from quantum mechanics. The link is based on the intimate connection of quantum thermodynamics with the theory of open quantum systems. Quantum mechanics inserts…
Second law of thermodynamics imposes that in any thermodynamic process the entropy production must be nonnegative. In continuum physics such a requirement is fulfilled by postulating the constitutive equations which represent the material…
The reliability of physical theories depends on whether they agree with well established physical laws. In this work, we address the compatibility of the Hamiltonian formulation of linear-response theory with the Second Law of…
The Nernst formulation of the third law of ordinary thermodynamics (often referred to as the ``Nernst theorem'') asserts that the entropy, $S$, of a system must go to zero (or a ``universal constant'') as its temperature, $T$, goes to zero.…
The state function entropy and its quantum thermodynamical implication for two typical dissipative systems with anomalous spectral densities are studied by investigating on their low-temperature quantum behavior. In all cases it is found…
The controversy concerning the temperature correction to the Casimir force has been ongoing for almost a decade with no view to a solution and has recently been extended to include semiconducting materials. We review some theoretical…
A colloquial interpretation of entropy is that it is the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of a random experiment. Conditional entropy is then interpreted as the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of one random experiment…
In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Ludwig Boltzmann explained how irreversible macroscopic laws, in particular the second law of thermodynamics, originate in the time-reversible laws of microscopic physics. Boltzmann's analysis,…
As early as 1902, Gibbs pointed out that systems whose partition function diverges, e.g. gravitation, lie outside the validity of the Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) theory. Consistently, since the pioneering Bekenstein-Hawking results, physically…
There are three levels of description in classical statistical mechanics, the microscopic/dynamic, the macroscopic/statistical and the thermodynamic. At one end there is a well-used concept of equilibrium in thermodynamics and at the other…