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The primal-dual gap is a natural upper bound for the energy error and, for uniformly convex minimization problems, also for the error in the energy norm. This feature can be used to construct reliable primal-dual gap error estimators for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-12 Sören Bartels , Marijo Milicevic

We provide new results of first-order necessary conditions of optimality problem in the form of John's theorem and in the form of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker's theorem. We establish our result in a topological vector space for problems with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-12 Mohammed Bachir , Rongzhen Lyu

We develop a unified theory of augmented Lagrangians for nonconvex optimization problems that encompasses both duality theory and convergence analysis of primal-dual augmented Lagrangian methods in the infinite dimensional setting. Our goal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-09 M. V. Dolgopolik

In Ref. [1], we proved a duality between two optimizations problems. The primary one is, given two quantum channels M and N, to find a quantum channel R such that RN is optimally close to M as measured by the worst-case entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-26 Cédric Bény , Ognyan Oreshkov

The phenomenon of model-wise double descent, where the test error peaks and then reduces as the model size increases, is an interesting topic that has attracted the attention of researchers due to the striking observed gap between theory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Chris Yuhao Liu , Jeffrey Flanigan

We study the optimal transport between two probability measures on the real line, where the transport plans are laws of one-step martingales. A quasi-sure formulation of the dual problem is introduced and shown to yield a complete duality…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-14 Mathias Beiglböck , Marcel Nutz , Nizar Touzi

Optimal transport distances have become a classic tool to compare probability distributions and have found many applications in machine learning. Yet, despite recent algorithmic developments, their complexity prevents their direct use on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-07 Kilian Fatras , Younes Zine , Szymon Majewski , Rémi Flamary , Rémi Gribonval , Nicolas Courty

We examine the duality theory for a class of non-convex functions obtained by composing a convex function with a continuous one. Using Fenchel duality, we derive a dual problem that satisfies weak duality under general assumptions. To…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Vittorio Latorre

Regularisation theory in Banach spaces, and non--norm-squared regularisation even in finite dimensions, generally relies upon Bregman divergences to replace norm convergence. This is comparable to the extension of first-order optimisation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-19 Tuomo Valkonen

We formalize the observation that the same summability methods converge in a Banach space $X$ and its dual $X^*$. At the same time we determine conditions under which these methods converge in the weak and weak*-topologies on $X$ and $X^*$…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Soumitra Ghara , Javad Mashreghi , Thomas Ransford

We introduce and study a notion of duality for two classes of optimization problems commonly occurring in probability theory. That is, on an abstract measurable space $(\Omega,\mathcal{F})$, we consider pairs $(E,\mathcal{G})$ where $E$ is…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Adam Quinn Jaffe

This paper derives a discrete dual problem for a prototypical hybrid high-order method for convex minimization problems. The discrete primal and dual problem satisfy a weak convex duality that leads to a priori error estimates with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Ngoc Tien Tran

We optimize the running time of the primal-dual algorithms by optimizing their stopping criteria for solving convex optimization problems under affine equality constraints, which means terminating the algorithm earlier with fewer…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Iyad Walwil , Olivier Fercoq

We give a metric characterisation of when the Lipschitz-free space over a separable ultrametric space is a dual Banach space. In the case where the Lipschitz-free space has a predual, we show that this predual is M-embedded if and only if…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Trond A. Abrahamsen , Vegard Lima , Andre Ostrak

We provide new insight into a {\em generalized conditional subgradient} algorithm and a {\em generalized mirror descent} algorithm for the convex minimization problem \[ \min_x \; \{f(Ax) + h(x)\}.\] As Bach showed in [{\em SIAM J. Optim.},…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Javier Pena

This paper will generalize what may be termed the "geometric duality theory" of real pre-ordered Banach spaces which relates geometric properties of a closed cone in a real Banach space, to geometric properties of the dual cone in the dual…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-10-30 Miek Messerschmidt

We answer in the affirmative the surprisingly difficult questions: If a complex Banach space possesses a real predual X, then is X a complex Banach space? If a complex Banach space possesses a real predual, then does it have a complex…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-13 David P. Blecher

We revisit the duality theorem for multimarginal optimal transportation problems. In particular, we focus on the Coulomb cost. We use a discrete approximation to prove equality of the extremal values and some careful estimates of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-08 Luigi De Pascale

This article revisits previous results presented in Optimization which were challenged later by Voisei and Zalinescu (V-Z) in the same journal. We aim to use the points of view of V-Z to modify the original results and highlight that the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-10-08 Daniel Morales-Silva , David Gao

Convexity is an important notion in non linear optimization theory as well as in infinite dimensional functional analysis. As will be seen below, very simple and powerful tools will be derived from elementary duality arguments (which are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Guy Bouchitte