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A quantum theory of multiphase estimation is crucial for quantum-enhanced sensing and imaging and may link quantum metrology to more complex quantum computation and communication protocols. In this letter we tackle one of the key…

Quantum interferometry uses quantum resources to improve phase estimation with respect to classical methods. Here we propose and theoretically investigate a new quantum interferometric scheme based on three-dimensional waveguide devices.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-09 N. Spagnolo , L. Aparo , C. Vitelli , A. Crespi , R. Ramponi , R. Osellame , P. Mataloni , F. Sciarrino

Quantum metrology overcomes standard precision limits by exploiting collective quantum superpositions of physical systems used for sensing, with the prominent example of non-classical multiphoton states improving interferometric techniques.…

In quantum metrology, entangled states of many-particle systems are investigated to enhance measurement precision of the most precise clocks and field sensors. While single-parameter quantum metrology is well established, many metrological…

We consider the situation when the signal propagating through each arm of an interferometer has a complicated multi-mode structure. We find the relation between the particle-entanglement and the possibility to surpass the shot-noise limit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-20 J. Chwedenczuk

Multiparameter estimation is a general problem that aims at measuring unknown physical quantities, obtaining high precision in the process. In this context, the adoption of quantum resources promises a substantial boost in the achievable…

Quantum metrology employs quantum resources to achieve measurement precision beyond classical limits. This work investigates a Mach--Zehnder interferometer incorporating a Kerr nonlinear phase shifter, with photon-added two-mode squeezed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Zekun Zhao , Qingqian Kang , Teng Zhao , Cunjin Liu , Xin Su , Liyun Hu

We identify precision limits for the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in multimode interferometers. Quantum strategies to enhance the multiparameter sensitivity are based on entanglement among particles, modes or combining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-01 Manuel Gessner , Luca Pezzè , Augusto Smerzi

The high-precision interferometric measurement of an unknown phase is the basis for metrology in many areas of science and technology. Quantum entanglement provides an increase in sensitivity, but present techniques have only surpassed the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-25 G. Y. Xiang , B. L. Higgins , D. W. Berry , H. M. Wiseman , G. J. Pryde

Quantum metrology utilizes entanglement for improving the sensitivity of measurements. Up to now the focus has been on the measurement of just one out of two non-commuting observables. Here we demonstrate a laser interferometer that…

The interest in a system often resides in the interplay among different parameters governing its evolution. It is thus often required to access many of them at once for a complete description. Assessing how quantum enhancement in such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-22 Francesco Albarelli , Marco Barbieri , Marco G. Genoni , Ilaria Gianani

Achieving the ultimate quantum precision in the estimation of multiple physical parameters simultaneously is a challenge in quantum metrology due to fundamental limitations and experimental challenges in harnessing the necessary quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Atmadev Rai , Danilo Triggiani , Paolo Facchi , Vincenzo Tamma

In this work we investigate the problem of simultaneous estimation of phases using generalised three- and four-mode Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In our setup, we assume that the phases are placed in each of the modes in the interferometer,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Marcin Markiewicz , Mahasweta Pandit , Wieslaw Laskowski

The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a fundamental tool for measuring phase shifts between two light paths, serving as a crucial prototype for achieving high-precision measurements in various scientific and technological applications. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Bing-Shu Hu , Xiao-Ming Lu

Quantum metrology protocols are typically designed around the assumption that we have an abundance of measurement data, but recent practical applications are increasingly driving interest in cases with very limited data. In this regime the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 Jesús Rubio , Jacob Dunningham

Relevant metrological scenarios involve the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters. The fundamental ingredient to achieve quantum-enhanced performances is based on the use of appropriately tailored quantum probes. However, reaching…

We find a phase matching condition for enhancement of sensitivity in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer illuminated by an arbitrary state in one input port and an odd(even) state in the other port. Under this condition, the Fisher information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-17 Jing Liu , Xiaoxing Jing , Xiaoguang Wang

We present several entanglement criteria in terms of the quantum Fisher information that help to relate various forms of multipartite entanglement to the sensitivity of phase estimation. We show that genuine multipartite entanglement is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-21 Geza Toth

We study the role of quantum entanglement (particle entanglement and mode entanglement) in optical phase estimation by employing the first and second quantization formalisms of quantum mechanics. The quantum Fisher information (QFI) is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-23 Jaspreet Sahota , Nicolás Quesada , Daniel F. V. James

The comprehension of quantum phase transitions (QPTs) is considered as a critical foothold in the field of many-body physics. Developing protocols to effectively identify and understand QPTs thus represents a key but challenging task for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-03 Xiangbei Li , Yaoming Chu , Shaoliang Zhang , Jianming Cai
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