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Accurately predicting the state of health for sodium-ion batteries is crucial for managing battery modules, playing a vital role in ensuring operational safety. However, highly accurate models available thus far are rare due to a lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Jiapeng Liu , Lunte Li , Jing Xiang , Laiyong Xie , Yuhao Wang , Francesco Ciucci

Accurate and stable state estimation is critical for battery management. Although dual Kalman filtering can jointly estimate states and parameters, the strong coupling between filters may cause divergence under large initialization errors…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-09 Feng Guo , Guangdi Hu , Keyi Liao , Luis D. Couto , Khiem Trad , Ru Hong , Hamid Hamed , Mohammadhosein Safari

Battery aging is a natural process that contributes to capacity and power fade, resulting in a gradual performance degradation over time and usage. State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) monitoring of an aging battery poses a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-25 Anirudh Allam , Simona Onori

Despite the ever-increasing use across different sectors, the lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) have continually seen serious concerns over their thermal vulnerability. The LiB operation is associated with the heat generation and buildup effect,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-09-27 Ning Tian , Huazhen Fang , Yebin Wang

Optimal sensor placement is essential for minimizing costs and ensuring accurate state estimation in power systems. This paper introduces a novel method for optimal sensor placement for dynamic state estimation of power systems modeled by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-06 Milos Katanic , Yi Guo , John Lygeros , Gabriela Hug

Electrochemical hybrid battery models have major potential to enable advanced physics-based control, diagnostic, and prognostic features for next-generation lithium-ion battery management systems. This is due to the physical significance of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Jackson Fogelquist , Xinfan Lin

In this work, we present methods for state estimation in continuous-discrete nonlinear systems involving stochastic differential equations. We present the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter, the ensemble Kalman filter, and…

Battery degradation is a major challenge in electric vehicles (EV) and energy storage systems (ESS). However, most degradation investigations focus mainly on estimating the state of charge (SOC), which fails to accurately interpret the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Md Azizul Hoque , Babul Salam , Mohd Khair Hassan , Abdulkabir Aliyu , Abedalmuhdi Almomany , Muhammed Sutcu

Optimal cooling that minimises thermal gradients and the average temperature is essential for enhanced battery safety and health. This work presents a new modelling approach for battery cells of different shapes by integrating Chebyshev…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Godwin K. Peprah , Yicun Huang , Torsten Wik , Faisal Altaf , Changfu Zou

We present a finite element semi-discrete error analysis for the Doyle-Fuller-Newman model, which is the most popular model for lithium-ion batteries. Central to our approach is a novel projection operator designed for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-09 Shu Xu , Liqun Cao

The pseudo-4D Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) model enables predictive simulation of lithium-ion batteries with three-dimensional electrode architectures and particle-scale diffusion, extending the standard pseudo-2D (P2D) formulation to fully…

In this paper we study a system of partial differential equations which models lithium-ion batteries. The system describes the conservation of Lithium and conservation of charges in the solid and electrolyte phases, together with the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-02-08 Xiangsheng Xu

The unified 3D phase-field model for the description of the lithium-ion cell as a whole is developed. The model takes into account the realistic distribution of particles in porous electrodes, percolative transport of ions, and the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-05-11 Pavel E. L'vov , Mikhail Yu. Tikhonchev , Renat T. Sibatov

State of health (SOH) estimation for lithium-ion battery modules with cells connected in parallel is a challenging problem, especially with cell-to-cell variations. Incremental capacity analysis (ICA) and differential voltage analysis (DVA)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-21 Qinan Zhou , Dyche Anderson , Jing Sun

The correct assessment of battery states is essential to maximize battery pack performances while ensuring reliable and safe operation. This work introduces EIS2MOD, a novel modelling framework for Li-ion cells based on Distribution of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-17 Pietro Iurilli , Claudio Brivio , Rafael E. Carrillo , Vanessa Wood

In this contribution we present a new modeling and simulation framework for parametrized Lithium-ion battery cells. We first derive a new continuum model for a rather general intercalation battery cell on the basis of non-equilibrium…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-13 M. Landstorfer , M. Ohlberger , S. Rave , M. Tacke

This paper proposes a novel low-rank approximation to the multivariate State-Space Model. The Stochastic Partial Differential Equation (SPDE) approach is applied component-wise to the independent-in-time Mat\'ern Gaussian innovation term in…

In this article we discuss the well-posedness of a mathematical model that is used in the literature for the simulation of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. First, a mathematical model based on a macro-homogeneous approach is presented,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-02 Angel Manuel Ramos

In recent years there has been a major interest in developing all solid state batteries, for the sake of safety (issues due to toxic and flammable organic liquid electrolytes are well known) as well as of high energy density…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-05-07 L. Cabras , V. Oancea , A. Salvadori

The state of health for lithium battery is necessary to ensure the reliability and safety for battery energy storage system. Accurate prediction battery state of health plays an extremely important role in guaranteeing safety and minimizing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-02 Xiaoyu Li , Zhenpo Wang