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Core optics components for high precision measurements are made of stable materials, having small optical and mechanical dissipation. The natural choice in many cases is glass, in particular fused silica. Glass is a solid amorphous state of…
In this study the crystal structure of hornblende gneiss has been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction technique. From X-ray data shows the hornblende is a mixture of four molecules; quartz (SiO_2 ), albite(Al_1 Na_1 O_8 Si_3 ),…
The presence of microparticles (clusters of micron size) of unknown origin in the volume of water, including highly purified water (bidistilled, deionized), has been repeatedly demonstrated by various methods of physical analysis. Various…
Recent advances in theoretical structure prediction methods and high-throughput computational techniques are revolutionizing experimental discovery of the thermodynamically stable inorganic materials. Metastable materials represent a new…
We report on the discovery and analysis of a striking neutral sodium gas tail associated with comet C/1995 O1 Hale-Bopp. Sodium D-line emission has been observed at heliocentric distance r<1.4 AU in some long-period comets and the presence…
Based on first-principles calculation we predict two new thermodynamically stable layered-phases of silicon, named as silicites, which exhibit strong directionality in the electronic and structural properties. As compared to silicon…
By combining experimental techniques with ab-initio density functional theory calculations, we describe the Si/Ag(111) two-dimensional system in terms of a sp2-sp3 crystalline form of silicon characterized by a vertically distorted…
We present a theory that explains the experimentally observed crystallisation of a dilute dysprosium condensate into a lattice of droplets. The key ingredient of our theory is a conservative three-body interaction which stabilises the…
The composite Higgs scenario, in which the Higgs emerges as a composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson, is extensively reviewed in these Notes. The material is presented in a pedagogical fashion, with great emphasis on the conceptual and…
Graphene is a two-dimensional material with strongly nonlinear electrodynamics and optical properties. We present some of our recent theoretical results on the quantum and non-perturbative quasi-classical theories of nonlinear effects in…
Almost 25 years have passed since Shechtman discovered quasicrystals, and 15 years since the Commission on Aperiodic Crystals of the International Union of Crystallography put forth a provisional definition of the term crystal to mean ``any…
In Jiang et al., we detected a bright flash (hereafter GN-z11-flash) that appeared as compact continuum emission during our Keck MOSFIRE observations of the galaxy GN-z11 at z ~ 11. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the origin of the…
Calcium sulfate minerals are found under the form of three crystalline phases: gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O), bassanite (CaSO4.0.5H2O), and anhydrite (CaSO4). Due to its relevance in natural and industrial processes, the formation pathways of these…
Experimental DSC and Avrami curves for the crystallization of metallic glasses demonstrate nucleation at grain boundaries and thus indicate their grain structure, which refutes the generally accepted idea of glass as a homogeneous frozen…
Understanding whether prebiotic molecules can endure and reform through the energetic stages of star formation is essential for tracing the continuity of interstellar chemistry toward life. Glycolamide, an isomer of glycine, was recently…
A growing number of early Be stars discovered in X-ray surveys exhibit X-ray luminosities intermediate between those of normal stars and those of most Be/X-ray binaries in quiescence. Their X-ray spectra are also much harder than those of…
Kawamura et. al. recently published an article about the synthesis of rhenium nitride with MoS2-type structure [APL 100, 251910(2012)]. We disagree with the composition proposed by Kawamura. The compound synthesized by Kawamura is ReN3, or…
Galactic globular clusters (GC) are known to have multiple stellar populations and be characterised by similar chemical features, e.g. O-Na anti-correlation. While second-population stars, identified by their Na overabundance, have been…
Kinetic lattice-gas models display fragile glass behavior, in spite of their trivial Gibbs-Boltzmann measure. This suggests that the nature of glass transition might be, at least in some cases, understood in purely kinetic or dynamical…
In this letter we present an alternative identification for the line detected in the spectra of s-process enriched low-mass post-AGB stars around 6708A and which was interpreted in the literature as due to Li. Newly released line lists of…