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This paper proposes a generic and unified model of the power flow (PF) problem for multiterminal hybrid AC/DC networks. The proposed model is an extension of the standard AC-PF. The DC network is treated as an AC one and, in addition to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-02 Willem Lambrichts , Mario Paolone

This two-part paper details a theory of solvability for the power flow equations in lossless power networks. In Part I, we derive a new formulation of the lossless power flow equations, which we term the fixed-point power flow. The model is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-21 John W. Simpson-Porco

This paper presents an algorithm that solves the AC power flow problem for balanced, three-phase transmission systems at steady state. The algorithm extends the "fixed-point power flow" algorithm in the literature to include transmission…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-05 Liangjie Chen , John W. Simpson-Porco

Part I of this paper embeds the AC power flow problem with voltage control and exponential load model in the complex plane. Modeling the action of network controllers that regulate the magnitude of voltage phasors is a challenging task in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Sina Sadeghi Baghsorkhi , Sergey Pavlovich Suetin

This paper presents a tensor-recovery method to solve probabilistic power flow problems. Our approach generates a high-dimensional and sparse generalized polynomial-chaos expansion that provides useful statistical information. The result…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2015-08-12 Zheng Zhang , Hung Dinh Nguyen , Konstantin Turitsyn , Luca Daniel

The solution of potential-driven steady-state flow in large networks is a task which manifests in various engineering applications, such as transport of natural gas or water through pipeline networks. The resultant system of nonlinear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-23 Shriram Srinivasan , Kaarthik Sundar

In this paper, we propose a graph neural network architecture to solve the AC power flow problem under realistic constraints. To ensure a safe and resilient operation of distribution grids, AC power flow calculations are the means of choice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Luis Böttcher , Hinrikus Wolf , Bastian Jung , Philipp Lutat , Marc Trageser , Oliver Pohl , Andreas Ulbig , Martin Grohe

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem minimizes power system operating cost subject to both engineering and network constraints. With the potential to find global solutions, significant research interest has focused on convex relaxations of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-02-03 Daniel K. Molzahn , Ian A. Hiskens

The uncertainty of multiple power loads and renewable energy generations (PLREG) in power systems increases the complexity of power flow analysis for decision-makers. The chance-constrained method can be applied to model the optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-12 Ren Hu , Qifeng Li

Higher levels of renewable electricity generation increase uncertainty in power system operation. To ensure secure system operation, new tools that account for this uncertainty are required. In this paper, we formulate a chance-constrained…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Line Roald , Göran Andersson

The existence of multiple solutions to AC optimal power flow (ACOPF) problems has been noted for decades. Existing solvers are generally successful in finding local solutions, which satisfy first and second order optimality conditions, but…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-15 Ling Zhang , Baosen Zhang

Certifying power flow solvability is important for reliable power system operations under volatile operating conditions, but solving power flow equations repeatedly can be costly and may encounter convergence issues. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Puskar Neupane , Bai Cui

This paper presents a quadratic approximation for the optimal power flow in power distributions systems. The proposed approach is based on a linearized load flow which is valid for power distribution systems including three-phase unbalanced…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-05 Alejandro Garces

This paper presents an algorithm for restoring AC power flow feasibility from solutions to simplified optimal power flow (OPF) problems, including convex relaxations, power flow approximations, and machine learning (ML) models. The proposed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Babak Taheri , Daniel K. Molzahn

The existence of multiple solutions to AC optimal power flow (ACOPF) problems has been noted for decades. Existing solvers are generally successful in finding local solutions, which are stationary points but may not be globally optimal. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-25 Ling Zhang , Baosen Zhang

Addressing the uncertainty introduced by increasing renewable integration is crucial for secure power system operation, yet capturing it while preserving the full nonlinear physics of the grid remains a significant challenge. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Ghulam Mohy-ud-din , Yunqi Wang , Rahmat Heidari , Frederik Geth

Solving the nonlinear AC optimal power flow (AC OPF) problem remains a major computational bottleneck for real-time grid operations. In this paper, we propose a residual learning paradigm that uses fast DC optimal power flow (DC OPF)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Muhy Eddin Za'ter , Bri-Mathias Hodge , Kyri Baker

Power flow refers to the injection of power on the lines of an electrical grid, so that all the injections at the nodes form a consistent flow within the network. Optimality, in this setting, is usually intended as the minimization of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-25 Daniel Bienstock , Mauro Escobar , Claudio Gentile , Leo Liberti

One of the most common control decisions faced by power system operators is the question of how to dispatch generation to meet demand for power. This is a complex optimization problem that includes many nonlinear, non convex constraints as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-06-14 Russell Bent , Daniel Bienstock , Michael Chertkov

High penetration of renewable energy sources and the increasing share of stochastic loads require the explicit representation of uncertainty in tools such as the optimal power flow (OPF). Current approaches follow either a linearized…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Andreas Venzke , Lejla Halilbasic , Uros Markovic , Gabriela Hug , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis