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We present a population-level analysis of the dayside thermal emission spectra of 19 planets observed with Hubble WFC3 and Spitzer IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 microns, spanning equilibrium temperatures 1200-2700 K and 0.7-10.5 Jupiter masses. We use…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-14 Lindsey S. Wiser , Michael R. Line , Luis Welbanks , Megan Mansfield , Vivien Parmentier , Jacob L. Bean , Jonathan J. Fortney

Neptune-size exoplanets are less studied as characterizing their atmospheres presents challenges due to their relatively small radius and atmospheric scale height. As the most common outcome of planet formation, these planets are crucial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Dwaipayan Dubey , Liton Majumdar , Charles Beichman , Geoffrey A. Blake , Gautam Vasisht , Thomas Henning

Reflected light curves observed for exoplanets indicate bright clouds at some of them. We estimate how the light curve and total stellar heating of a planet depend on forward and backward scattering in the clouds based on Pioneer and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Ulyana Dyudina , Xi Zhang , Liming Li , Pushkar Kopparla , Andrew P. Ingersoll , Luke Dones , Anne Verbiscer , Yuk L. Yung

The presence of N2 in the surface environment of Pluto is critical in creating Pluto's richness of features and processes. Here, we propose that the nitrogen atoms in the N2 observed on Pluto were accreted in that chemical form during the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-29 Christopher R. Glein , J. Hunter Waite

We present Herschel PACS photometry of 18 Plutinos and determine sizes and albedos for these objects using thermal modeling. We analyze our results for correlations, draw conclusions on the Plutino size distribution, and compare to earlier…

The chemical abundances of gas-giant exoplanet atmospheres hold clues to the formation and evolution pathways that sculpt the exoplanet population. Recent ground-based high-resolution spectroscopic observations of the non-transiting hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-11 Vatsal Panwar , Matteo Brogi , Siddharth Gandhi , Heather Cegla , Marina Lafarga

Planets with non-zero obliquity and/or orbital eccentricity experience seasonal variations of stellar irradiation at local latitudes. The extent of the atmospheric response can be crudely estimated by the ratio between the orbital timescale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-22 Xianyu Tan

Extremely irradiated hot Jupiters, exoplanets reaching dayside temperatures ${>}$2000 K, stretch our understanding of planetary atmospheres and the models we use to interpret observations. While these objects are planets in every other…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 Joshua D. Lothringer , Travis Barman , Tommi Koskinen

We present results from mid-infrared imaging of Uranus at wavelengths of 13.0 micron and 18.7 micron, sensing emission from the stratosphere and upper troposphere, acquired using the VISIR instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT),…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Michael T. Roman , Leigh N. Fletcher , Glenn S. Orton , Naomi Rowe-Gurney , Patrick G. J. Irwin

Recent transit observations of K2-18b and TOI-270d revealed strong molecular absorption signatures, lending credence to the idea that temperate sub-Neptunes (T$_\mathrm{eq}$=250-400K) have upper atmospheres mostly free of aerosols. These…

We present three-dimensional atmospheric circulation models of a hypothetical "warm Jupiter" planet, for a range of possible obliquities from 0-90 degrees. We model a Jupiter-mass planet on a 10-day orbit around a Sun-like star, since this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 Emily Rauscher

The shape of the two gas giants, Jupiter and Saturn, is determined primarily by their rotation rate, and interior density distribution. It is also affected by their zonal winds, causing an anomaly of O(10 km) at low latitudes. However,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-05 Eli Galanti , Yohai Kaspi , Tristan Guillot

A main source of bias in transmission spectroscopy of exoplanet atmospheres is magnetic activity of the host star in the form of stellar spots, faculae or flares. However, the fact that main-sequence stars have a chromosphere and a corona,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-04 Volker Perdelwitz , Adam Chaikin-Lifshitz , Aviv Ofir , Oded Aharonson

We present spatially resolved millimeter maps of Neptune between 95 and 242 GHz taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in $2016-2017$. The millimeter weighting functions peak between 1 and 10 bar on Neptune,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 Joshua Tollefson , Imke de Pater , Statia Luszcz-Cook , David DeBoer

The highly irradiated transiting exoplanet, HAT-P-7b, currently provides one of the best opportunities for studying planetary emission in the optical and infrared wavelengths. We observe six near-consecutive secondary eclipses of HAT-P-7b…

We observed the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32b (also known as HAT-P-32Ab) to determine its optical transmission spectrum by measuring the wavelength-dependent planet-to-star radius ratios in the region between 518 - 918 nm. We used the OSIRIS…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 L. Nortmann , E. Palle , F. Murgas , S. Dreizler , N. Iro , A. Cabrera-Lavers

By use of the high-resolution spectral data and the broadband imaging obtained with the Goode Solar Telescope at the Big Bear Solar Observatory on 2013 June 6, the spectra of three typical photospheric bright points (PBPs) have been…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-21 Q. Hao , C. Fang , M. D. Ding , Z. Li , W. Cao

We present new 3.6 and 4.5 micron secondary eclipse measurements for five cool (less than approximately 1000 K) transiting gas giant planets: HAT-P-15b, HAT-P-17b, HAT-P-18b, HAT-P-26b, and WASP-69b. We detect eclipses in at least one…

We use high-resolution ground-based observations from the VLT CRIRES instrument in December 2012 to identify sixteen previously undetected H3+ emission lines from Jupiter's ionosphere. These emission lines are located in Jupiter's 5-micron…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Rohini S. Giles , Leigh N. Fletcher , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Henrik Melin , Tom S. Stallard

On 28th January 2018, the large Trans-Neptunian Object (TNO) 2002TC302 occulted a m$_v= $15.3 star with ID 130957813463146112 in the Gaia DR2 stellar catalog. 12 positive occultation chords were obtained from Italy, France, Slovenia and…

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