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Invariance-based randomization tests -- such as permutation tests, rotation tests, or sign changes -- are an important and widely used class of statistical methods. They allow drawing inferences under weak assumptions on the data…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Edgar Dobriban

These notes present an approach to obtaining the basic operations of addition and multiplication on the natural numbers in terms of elementary results about commutative monoids.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2009-02-13 Chris Preston

We use cyclotomy to design new classes of permutation polynomials over finite fields. This allows us to generate many classes of permutation polynomials in an algorithmic way. Many of them are permutation polynomials of large indices.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-09-19 Qiang Wang

We introduce and study a new notion of patterns in Stirling and $k$-Stirling permutations, which we call block patterns. We prove a general result which allows us to compute generating functions for the occurrences of various block patterns…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-17 Jeffrey B. Remmel , Andrew Timothy Wilson

Comtet introduced the notion of indecomposable permutations in 1972. A permutation is indecomposable if and only if it has no proper prefix which is itself a permutation. Indecomposable permutations were studied in the literature in various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-24 Alice L. L. Gao , Sergey Kitaev , Philip B. Zhang

We look at geometric limits of large random non-uniform permutations. We mainly consider two theories for limits of permutations: permuton limits, introduced by Hoppen, Kohayakawa, Moreira, Rath, and Sampaio to define a notion of scaling…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-22 Jacopo Borga

Introduction to the theory of decoherence. Contents: 1. The phenomenon of decoherence: superpositions, superselection rules, decoherence by "measurements". 2. Observables as a derivable concept. 3. The measurement problem. 4. Density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 H. D. Zeh

We introduce orbital graphs and discuss some of their basic properties. Then we focus on their usefulness for search algorithms for permutation groups, including finding the intersection of groups and the stabilizer of sets in a group.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-24 Paula Hähndel , Christopher Jefferson , Markus Pfeiffer , Rebecca Waldecker

Permutation resemblance measures the distance of a function from being a permutation. Here we show how to determine the permutation resemblance through linear integer programming techniques. We also present an algorithm for constructing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-10 Li-An Chen , Robert S. Coulter

A permutation graph is a graph that can be derived from a permutation, where the vertices correspond to letters of the permutation, and the edges represent inversions. We provide a construction to show that there are infinitely many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-23 Aysel Erey , Zachary Gershkoff , Amanda Lohss , Ranjan Rohatgi

Mutational signatures describe the pattern of mutations over the different mutation types. Each mutation type is determined by a base substitution and the flanking nucleotides to the left and right of that base substitution. Due to the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-24 Ragnhild Laursen , Marta Pelizzola , Lasse Maretty , Asger Hobolth

We initiate the study of limit shapes for random permutations avoiding a given pattern. Specifically, for patterns of length 3, we obtain delicate results on the asymptotics of distributions of positions of numbers in the permutations. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-02 Sam Miner , Igor Pak

A crucial permutation is a permutation that avoids a given set of prohibitions, but any of its extensions, in an allowable way, results in a prohibition being introduced. In this paper, we introduce five natural types of crucial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Sergey Avgustinovich , Sergey Kitaev , Anna Taranenko

We define a notion which contains numerous basic notions of Analysis as special cases, for example limit, continuity, differential, Riemann and Lebesgue integral, root and exponential functions. Properties like additivity or linearity of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Matthias Mossburger

A permutation is called {\it {block-wise simple}} if it contains no interval of the form $p_1\oplus p_2$ or $p_1 \ominus p_2$. We present this new set of permutations and explore some of its combinatorial properties. We present a generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-24 Eli Bagno , Estrella Eisenberg , Shulamit Reches , Moriah Sigron

We show that many infinite classes of permutations over finite fields can be constructed via translators with a large choice of parameters. We first charac- terize some functions having linear translators, based on which several families of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Nastja Cepak , Pascale Charpin , Enes Pasalic

We develop a new, powerful method for counting elements in a multiset. As a first application, we use this algorithm to study the number of occurrences of patterns in a permutation. For patterns of length 3 there are two Wilf classes, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Andrew R Conway , Anthony J Guttmann

We provide an analytical argument for understanding the likely nature of parameter shifts between those coming from an analysis of a dataset and from a subset of that dataset, assuming differences are down to noise and any intrinsic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 Steven Gratton , Anthony Challinor

Python implementation of permutations is presented. Three classes are introduced: Perm for permutations, Group for permutation groups, and PermError to report any errors for both classes. The class Perm is based on Python dictionaries and…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2014-06-17 Andrzej Kapanowski

For an arbitrary finite permutation group $G$, subgroup of the symmetric group $S_\ell$, we determine the permutations involving only members of $G$ as $\ell$-patterns, i.e., avoiding all patterns in the set $S_\ell \setminus G$. The set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Erkko Lehtonen