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Reconciling gene trees with a species tree is a fundamental problem to understand the evolution of gene families. Many existing approaches reconcile each gene tree independently. However, it is well-known that the evolution of gene families…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-06-12 Riccardo Dondi , Manuel Lafond , Celine Scornavacca

The original description of the k-d tree recognized that rebalancing techniques, such as used to build an AVL tree or a red-black tree, are not applicable to a k-d tree. Hence, in order to build a balanced k-d tree, it is necessary to find…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Russell A. Brown

We present a dynamic data structure that maintains a tree decomposition of width at most $9k+8$ of a dynamic graph with treewidth at most $k$, which is updated by edge insertions and deletions. The amortized update time of our data…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Tuukka Korhonen

I show here that there are three different kinds of iterations for the reduced Collatz algorithm; depending on whether the root of the number is odd or even. There is only one kind of iteration if the root is odd and two kinds if the root…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-10-28 Leonel Sternberg

We present a new threshold phenomenon in data structure lower bounds where slightly reduced update times lead to exploding query times. Consider incremental connectivity, letting t_u be the time to insert an edge and t_q be the query time.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-03-29 Mihai Patrascu , Mikkel Thorup

Reverse search is a convenient method for enumerating structured objects, that can be used both to address theoretical issues and to solve data mining problems. This method has already been successfully developed to handle unordered trees.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Florian Ingels , Romain Azaïs

Existing parallel algorithms for wavelet tree construction have a work complexity of $O(n\log\sigma)$. This paper presents parallel algorithms for the problem with improved work complexity. Our first algorithm is based on parallel integer…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Julian Shun

Recently, a new vector encoding, Ordered Leaf Attachment (OLA), was introduced that represents $n$-leaf phylogenetic trees as $n-1$ length integer vectors by recording the placement location of each leaf. Both encoding and decoding of trees…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-23 Alexey Markin , Tavis K. Anderson

An L-shaped embedding of a tree in a point set is a planar drawing of the tree where the vertices are mapped to distinct points and every edge is drawn as a sequence of two axis-aligned line segments. There has been considerable work on…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Torsten Mütze , Manfred Scheucher

Binary jumbled pattern matching asks to preprocess a binary string $S$ in order to answer queries $(i,j)$ which ask for a substring of $S$ that is of length $i$ and has exactly $j$ 1-bits. This problem naturally generalizes to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Travis Gagie , Danny Hermelin , Gad M. Landau , Oren Weimann

The \emph{Steiner tree} problem is one of the fundamental and classical problems in combinatorial optimization. In this paper, we study this problem in the $\mathcal{CONGESTED}$ $\mathcal{CLIQUE}$ model of distributed computing and present…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Parikshit Saikia , Sushanta Karmakar

We define a new balance index for rooted phylogenetic trees based on the symmetry of the evolutive history of every set of 4 leaves. This index makes sense for multifurcating trees and it can be computed in time linear in the number of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-25 Tomás M. Coronado , Arnau Mir , Francesc Rosselló , Gabriel Valiente

We focus on the average-case analysis: A function w : V -> Z+ is given which defines the likelihood for a node to be the one marked, and we want the strategy that minimizes the expected number of queries. Prior to this paper, very little…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-08-10 Ferdinando Cicalese , Tobias Jacobs , Eduardo Laber , Marco Molinaro

Given an undirected, weighted graph, the minimum spanning tree (MST) is a tree that connects all of the vertices of the graph with minimum sum of edge weights. In real world applications, network designers often seek to quickly find a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-02 David A. Bader , Paul Burkhardt

We consider a procedure to reduce simply generated trees by iteratively removing all leaves. In the context of this reduction, we study the number of vertices that are deleted after applying this procedure a fixed number of times by using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-11 Benjamin Hackl , Clemens Heuberger , Stephan Wagner

We describe the set V of all real valued valuations v on the ring C[[x,y]] normalized by min{v(x),v(y)}=1. It has a natural structure of an R-tree, induced by the order relation v is less than v' iff v(f) is less than v'(f) for all f. It…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Charles Favre , Mattias Jonsson

Binary search trees (BSTs) with rotations can adapt to various kinds of structure in search sequences, achieving amortized access times substantially better than the Theta(log n) worst-case guarantee. Classical examples of structural…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-17 Parinya Chalermsook , Mayank Goswami , László Kozma , Kurt Mehlhorn , Thatchaphol Saranurak

We consider the problem of designing low-redundancy codes in settings where one must correct deletions in conjunction with substitutions or adjacent transpositions; a combination of errors that is usually observed in DNA-based data storage.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Ryan Gabrys , Venkatesan Guruswami , João Ribeiro , Ke Wu

We show how to construct a dynamic ordered dictionary, supporting insert/delete/rank/select on a set of $n$ elements from a universe of size $U$, that achieves the optimal amortized expected time complexity of $O(1 + \log n / \log \log U)$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 William Kuszmaul , Jingxun Liang , Renfei Zhou

In a reconfiguration problem, given a problem and two feasible solutions of the problem, the task is to find a sequence of transformations to reach from one solution to the other such that every intermediate state is also a feasible…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Siddharth Gupta , Manish Kumar , Shreyas Pai