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Graph homomorphism has been studied intensively. Given an m x m symmetric matrix A, the graph homomorphism function is defined as \[Z_A (G) = \sum_{f:V->[m]} \prod_{(u,v)\in E} A_{f(u),f(v)}, \] where G = (V,E) is any undirected graph. The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-10-10 Jin-Yi Cai , Xi Chen , Pinyan Lu

The chromatic polynomial is a well studied object in graph theory. There are many results and conjectures about the log-concavity of the chromatic polynomial and other polynomials related to it. The location of the roots of these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-05 Sukhada Fadnavis

J. Przytycki has established a connection between the Hochschild homology of an algebra $A$ and the chromatic graph homology of a polygon graph with coefficients in $A$. In general the chromatic graph homology is not defined in the case…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-05-11 Paul Turner , Emmanuel Wagner

The chromatic symmetric function (CSF) of Dyck paths of Stanley and its Shareshian-Wachs $q$-analogue have important connections to Hessenberg varieties, diagonal harmonics and LLT polynomials. In the, so called, abelian case they are also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Laura Colmenarejo , Alejandro H. Morales , Greta Panova

A graph is Schur-positive if its chromatic symmetric function expands nonnegatively in the Schur basis. All claw-free graphs are conjectured to be Schur-positive. We introduce a combinatorial object corresponding to a graph G, called a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Ethan Shelburne , Stephanie van Willigenburg

The SO(3) Kauffman polynomial and the chromatic polynomial of planar graphs are categorified by a unique extension of the Khovanov homology framework. Many structural observations and computations of homologies of knots and spin networks…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Benjamin Cooper , Matt Hogancamp , Vyacheslav Krushkal

Let $G$ be a $k$ - connected ($k \geq 2$) graph of order $n$. If $\chi(G) \geq n - k$, then $G$ is Hamiltonian or $K_k \vee (K_k^c \cup K_{n - 2k})$ with $n \geq 2 k + 1$, where $\chi(G)$ is the chromatic number of the graph $G$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Rao Li

This article is built upon three main ideas. First, for a class of monomial ideals, it is proven that the multiplicity of an ideal equals the number of realizations of its codimension (an intuitive concept that we define later). Next, for…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Guillermo Alesandroni

For a simple graph $G$, let $\chi(G,x)$ denote the chromatic polynomial of $G$. This manuscript introduces some polynomials which are related to chromatic polynomial and their relations.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-17 Fengming Dong

The main result of this paper is the introduction of marked graphs and the marked graph polynomials ($M$-polynomial) associated with them. These polynomials can be defined via a deletion-contraction operation. These polynomials are a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-25 José Aliste-Prieto , Anna de Mier , Rosa Orellana , José Zamora

In our joint paper with W. Fulton (math.AG/9804041) we prove a formula for the cohomology class of a quiver variety. This formula is general enough to give new expressions for all known types of Schubert polynomials. In the present paper we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Anders S. Buch

We define the homology of a simplicial set with coefficients in a Segal's $\Gamma$-set ($\mathbf S$-module). We show the relevance of this new homology with values in $\mathbf S$-modules by proving that taking as coefficients the $\mathbf…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-10 Alain Connes , Caterina Consani

In this paper we give a new characterization of the h-vector of the chromatic polynomial of a graph. We introduce reduced chromatic cohomology of a graph and show that h_i are its Betti numbers. We then discuss various combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Chmutov , Elena Udovina

We investigate chromatic symmetric functions in the relation to the algebra $\Gamma$ of symmetric functions generated by Schur $Q$-functions. We construct natural bases of $\Gamma$ in terms of chromatic symmetric functions. We also consider…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-24 Soojin Cho , JiSun Huh , Sun-Young Nam

Hoffman's bound is a well-known spectral bound on the chromatic number of a graph, known to be tight for instance for bipartite graphs. While Hoffman colorings (colorings attaining the bound) were studied before for regular graphs, for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Aida Abiad , Wieb Bosma , Thijs van Veluw

Stanley in his paper [Stanley, Richard P.: Acyclic orientations of graphs In: Discrete Mathematics 5 (1973), Nr. 2, S. 171-178.] provided interpretations of the chromatic polynomial when it is substituted with negative integers. Greene and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Bishal Deb

We provide a finite dimensional categorification of the symmetric evaluation of $\mathfrak{sl}_N$-webs using foam technology. As an output we obtain a symmetric link homology theory categorifying the link invariant associated to symmetric…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-09-06 Louis-Hadrien Robert , Emmanuel Wagner

DP-coloring is a generalization of list coloring that was introduced in 2015 by Dvo\v{r}\'{a}k and Postle. The chromatic polynomial of a graph $G$, denoted $P(G,m)$, is equal to the number of proper $m$-colorings of $G$. A well-known tool…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Jeffrey A. Mudrock

In this paper, we introduce the \emph{$\alpha$-chromatic symmetric functions} $\chi^{(\alpha)}_\pi[X;q]$, extending Shareshian and Wachs' chromatic symmetric functions with an additional real parameter $\alpha$. We present positive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-21 Jim Haglund , Jaeseong Oh , Meesue Yoo

Let $\mathcal{P}$ be a graph property. A $\mathcal{P}$-coloring with at most $k$ colors is a coloring of the vertices of a simple graph $G$ such that each color class induces a graph in $\mathcal{P}$. Harary polynomials are generalizations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Johann A. Makowsky