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We reexamine from first principles the classical Goldberg-Sachs theorem from General Relativity. We cast it into the form valid for complex metrics, as well as real metrics of any signature. We obtain the sharpest conditions on the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-12-11 A Rod Gover , C Denson Hill , Pawel Nurowski

We perform the complete symmetry classification of the Klein-Gordon equation in maximal symmetric spacetimes. The central idea is to find all possible potential functions $V(t,x,y)$ that admit Lie and Noether symmetries. This is done by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-04-26 Sameerah Jamal , Andronikos Paliathanasis

Two sharp comparison results are derived for three-dimensional complete noncompact manifolds with scalar curvature bounded from below. The first one concerns the Green's function. When the scalar curvature is nonnegative, it states that the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-05-26 Ovidiu Munteanu , Jiaping Wang

We give a simple proof of a fairly flexible comparison theorem for equations of the type $-(p(u'+su))'+rp(u'+su)+qu=0$ on a finite interval where $1/p$, $r$, $s$, and $q$ are real and integrable. Flexibility is provided by two functions…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-03-22 Ahmed Ghatasheh , Rudi Weikard

We give a short proof of a strong form of Weyl's law for $\text{SO}(N)$ using well known facts of the theory of modular forms. The exponent of the error term is sharp when the rank is at least~$4$. We also discuss the cases with smaller…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Fernando Chamizo , José Granados

Hawking's singularity theorem concerns matter obeying the strong energy condition (SEC), which means that all observers experience a nonnegative effective energy density (EED), thereby guaranteeing the timelike convergence property.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-19 Peter J. Brown , Christopher J. Fewster , Eleni-Alexandra Kontou

We improve previous results on dispersive decay for 1D Klein- Gordon equation. We develop a novel approach, which allows us to establish the decay in more strong norms and weaken the assumption on the potential.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Elena Kopylova

This paper is devoted to establish a class of sharp Sobolev inequalities on the unit complex sphere as follows: 1) Case $0<d<Q=2n+2$: for any $f\in C^\infty$ and $2\leq q \leq \frac{2Q}{Q-d}$, \begin{equation*} \|f\|_q^2\leq…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-04-08 Yazhou Han , Shutao Zhang

We establish sharp trace- and Korn-type inequalities that involve vectorial differential operators, the focus being on situations where global singular integral estimates are not available. Starting from a novel approach to sharp Besov…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Lars Diening , Franz Gmeineder

This article investigates sharp comparison of moments for various classes of random variables appearing in a geometric context. In the first part of our work we find the optimal constants in the Khintchine inequality for random vectors…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-11 Alexandros Eskenazis , Piotr Nayar , Tomasz Tkocz

This paper is a serious attempt at reconciling quantum and classical mechanics through the concept of dynamic space and the acceptance of non-zero Ricci tensor for vacuum. Starting with scalar particles, the paper shows that with those two…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose B. Almeida

The scalar Klein-Gordon equation describes wave motion in a waveguide with a cut-off. For example, the displacement of an elastic cord anchored to a solid base by elastic elements can be described by the scalar Klein-Gordon equation. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-02-03 A. I. Korolkov , A. V. Shanin

In this paper, we prove a Skoda type division theorem with sharp $L^2$-estimate. Furthermore, using this estimate, we provide new characterizations of plurisubharmonic functions. We also explain that the sharp $L^2$-division theorem leads…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Masakazu Takakura

We prove a sharp quantitative version for the stability of the Sobolev inequality with explicit constants. Moreover, the constants have the correct behavior in the limit of large dimensions, which allows us to deduce an optimal quantitative…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-04-02 Jean Dolbeault , Maria J. Esteban , Alessio Figalli , Rupert L. Frank , Michael Loss

In a recent paper by Barton (J. Phys. A40, 1011 (2007)), the 1-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation was solved analytically for the non-singular Coulomb-like potential V_1(|x|) = -\alpha/(|x|+a). In the present paper, these results are…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Richard L. Hall

Based on the Coulomb gauge, the accurate Klein-Gordon equation in static scalar and vector potentials was derived from Klein-Gordon equation in electromagnetic environment. The correct equation developed in this comment demonstrates that…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-04 Liu Changshi

Inspired by the work of Cordero-Erausquin, McCann and Schmuckenschl\"ager [{\it Invent. Math.,} 2001], we derive an explicit expression for the Jacobian determinant of the normal exponential map on a submanifold, establishing a relationship…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Shengliang Pan , Chengyang Yi

The Klein-Gordon equation in the presence of a strong electric field, taking the form of the Mathieu equation, is studied. A novel analytical solution is derived for particles whose asymptotic energy is much lower or much higher than the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Erez Raicher , Shalom Eliezer , Arie Zigler

In this work we prove a sharp quantitative form of Liouville's theorem, which asserts that, for all $n\geq 3$, the weakly conformal maps of $\mathbb S^{n-1}$ with degree $\pm 1$ are M\"obius transformations. In the case $n=3$ this estimate…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-06-01 André Guerra , Xavier Lamy , Konstantinos Zemas

Brane model of universe is considered for a free particle. Conservation laws on the brane are obtained using the symmetry properties of the brane. Equation of motion is derived for a particle using variation principle from these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-07-03 Sergey N. Andrianov , Rinat A. Daishev , Sergey M. Kozyrev