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Two primitive near Earth asteroids, (101955) Bennu and (162173) Ryugu, will be visited by a spacecraft with the aim of returning samples back to Earth. Since these objects are believed to originate in the inner main belt primitive…

Thermal infrared data (TIR; 8 - 15 $\mu m$) has a wide range of applications in Earth and planetary remote sensing. On Mars, this includes deriving thermal inertia (TI), which describes surface physical characteristics (e.g. particle size,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Michael A. Frazer , Eriita G. Jones , Katarina Miljkovic , Gretchen K. Benedix

We report Arecibo S-band (2380 MHz; 12.6 cm) radar observations of near-Earth asteroid (3200) Phaethon during the December 2017 apparition when Phaethon passed within 0.07 au of Earth. Radar images with a resolution of 75 m per pixel reveal…

The rotational properties of small near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) provide crucial insights into their internal structure and collisional history. However, systematic surveys targeting metre- to decametre-sized bodies are rare, thus leaving…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-24 Miguel R. Alarcon , Javier Licandro , Miquel Serra-Ricart

Automated asteroid detection routines set requirements on the number of detections, signal-to-noise ratio, and the linearity of the expected motion in order to balance completeness, reliability, and time delay after data acquisition when…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Joseph R. Masiero , E. Redwing , A. K. Mainzer , J. M. Bauer , R. M. Cutri , T. Grav , E. Kramer , C. R. Nugent , S. Sonnett , E. L. Wright

The thermal inertia values of Saturn's main rings (the A, B, and C rings and the Cassini division) are derived by applying our thermal model to azimuthally scanned spectra taken by the Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS). Model…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Ryuji Morishima , Linda Spilker , Keiji Ohtsuki

For the first time, spectral signs of subtle coma activity were observed simultaneously on four main-belt primitive asteroids (145) Adeona, (704) Interamnia, (779) Nina, and (1474) Beira around their perihelion distances in September 2012,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-11 Vladimir V. Busarev , Andrei B. Makalkin , Faith Vilas , Sergey I. Barabanov , Marina P. Scherbina

At the solar equinox in August 2009, the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) onboard Cassini showed the lowest Saturn's ring temperatures ever observed. Detailed radiative transfer models show that the observed equinox temperatures of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-01 Ryuji Morishima , Linda Spilker , Shawn Brooks , Estelle Deau , Stu Pilorz

The narrow main rings of Uranus are composed of almost exclusively centimeter- to meter-sized particles, with a very small or nonexistent dust component; however, the filling factor, composition, thickness, mass, and detailed particle size…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 Edward M. Molter , Imke de Pater , Michael T. Roman , Leigh N. Fletcher

In the past decade, hundreds of asteroid shape models have been derived using the lightcurve inversion method. At the same time, a new framework of 3-D shape modeling based on the combined analysis of widely different data sources such as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 J. Durech , B. Carry , M. Delbo , M. Kaasalainen , M. Viikinkoski

Binary systems comprise approximately 15 per cent of the near-Earth asteroid population, yet thermal-infrared data are often interpreted for these bodies as if they are single objects. Thermal-IR light curves of binary asteroids (3905)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-20 Samuel L. Jackson , Benjamin Rozitis

We select 50 main-belt asteroids with a diameter between 20 and 400 km for which we have (i) shape models derived by the lightcurve inversion method (LI) and (ii) resolved observations of good quality collected with the Keck II adaptive…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-05 J. Hanuš , F. Marchis , J. Ďurech

We re-analyzed soft X-ray data collected with the ROSAT and ASCA observatories on a candidate neutron star (NS) near the center of the supernova remnant PKS 1209-52. We fitted the observed spectra with NS atmosphere models. The hydrogen…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. E. Zavlin , G. G. Pavlov , J. Truemper

Optical tracking systems typically trade-off between astrometric precision and field-of-view. In this work, we showcase a networked approach to optical tracking using very wide field-of-view imagers that have relatively low astrometric…

Observations of thermonuclear X-ray bursts from accreting neutron stars (NSs) in low-mass X-ray binary systems can be used to constrain NS masses and radii. Most previous work of this type has set these constraints using Planck function…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-06 J. Nättilä , M. C. Miller , A. W. Steiner , J. J. E. Kajava , V. F. Suleimanov , J. Poutanen

The tangential YORP effect is a radiation pressure torque produced by asymmetric thermal emission by structures on the asteroid surface. As such structures, previous works considered boulders of different shapes lying on the surface of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 Oleksiy Golubov , Veronika Lipatova

The near-Earth asteroid (98943) Torifune, previously designated 2001 CC$_{21}$, is the flyby target of the Hayabusa2 extended mission, nicknamed Hayabusa2$\#$ (SHARP: Small Hazardous Asteroid Reconnaissance Probe). The ground-based…

With the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE; Wright et al. 2010), we have observed over 157,000 minor planets (Mainzer et al. 2011). Included in these are a number of near-Earth objects, Main Belt Asteroids, and irregular satellites…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-06 A. Mainzer , T. Grav , J. Masiero , J. Bauer , E. Wright , R. M. Cutri , R. S. McMillan , M. Cohen , M. Ressler , P. Eisenhardt

We derive the geometric albedo of a near-Earth asteroid, (4179) Toutatis, to investigate its surface physical conditions. The asteroid has been studied rigorously not only via ground-based photometric, spectrometric, polarimetric, and radar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-15 Yoonsoo P. Bach , Masateru Ishiguro , Sunho Jin , Hongu Yang , Hong-Kyu Moon , Young-Jun Choi , Youngmin JeongAhn , Myung-Jin Kim , SungWon Kwak