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We present a novel method named truncated hierarchical unstructured splines (THU-splines) that supports both local $h$-refinement and unstructured quadrilateral meshes. In a THU-spline construction, an unstructured quadrilateral mesh is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Xiaodong Wei

Generalizing tensor-product splines to smooth functions whose control nets outline topological polyhedra, bi-cubic polyhedral splines form a piecewise polynomial, first-order differentiable space that associates one function with each…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Bhaskar Mishra , Jorg Peters

The de Rham complex arises naturally when studying problems in electromagnetism and fluid mechanics. Stable numerical methods to solve these problems can be obtained by using a discrete de Rham complex that preserves the structure of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Diogo C. Cabanas , Kendrick M. Shepherd , Deepesh Toshniwal , Rafael Vázquez

The focus on locally refined spline spaces has grown rapidly in recent years due to the need in Isogeoemtric analysis (IgA) of spline spaces with local adaptivity: a property not offered by the strict regular structure of tensor product…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-06 Francesco Patrizi , Tor Dokken

The paper considers the extension of the T-spline approach to the Generalized B-splines (GB-splines), a relevant class of non-polynomial splines. The Generalized T-splines (GT-splines) are based both on the framework of classical polynomial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Cesare Bracco , Durkbin Cho

We introduce new manifold-based splines that are able to exactly reproduce B-splines on unstructured surface meshes. Such splines can be used in isogeometric analysis (IGA) to represent smooth surfaces of arbitrary topology. Since prevalent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-01-31 Qiaoling Zhang , Thomas Takacs , Fehmi Cirak

In this paper we study the dimension of splines of mixed smoothness on axis-aligned T-meshes. This is the setting when different orders of smoothness are required across the edges of the mesh. Given a spline space whose dimension is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Deepesh Toshniwal , Nelly Villamizar

This paper introduces a novel adaptive refinement strategy for Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) using Truncated Hierarchical B-splines (THB-splines). The proposed strategy enhances locally-refined meshes for specific applications, simplifying…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Kevin Dijkstra , Carlotta Giannelli , Deepesh Toshniwal

Isogeometric Analysis is a variant of the finite element method, where spline functions are used for the representation of both the geometry and the solution. Splines, particularly those with higher degree, achieve their full approximation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Stefan Takacs , Stefan Tyoler

An adaptive isogeometric method based on $d$-variate hierarchical spline constructions can be derived by considering a refine module that preserves a certain class of admissibility between two consecutive steps of the adaptive loop [6]. In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-05-04 Annalisa Buffa , Carlotta Giannelli , Philipp Morgenstern , Daniel Peterseim

We introduce a low-rank framework for adaptive isogeometric analysis with truncated hierarchical B-splines (THB-splines) that targets the main bottleneck of local refinement: memory- and time-intensive matrix assembly once the global…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Tom-Christian Riemer , Martin Stoll

Detecting slender, overlapping structures remains a challenge in computational microscopy. While recent coordinate-based approaches improve detection, they often produce less accurate splines than pixel-based methods. We introduce a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Frans Zdyb , Albert Alonso , Julius B. Kirkegaard

This paper proposes an Adaptive Isogeometric Topology Optimization framework for shell structures based on PHT-splines (PHT-AITO). In this framework, the design domain, displacement, and density are represented by PHT-splines. Leveraging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-14 Zepeng Wen , Qiong Pan , Xiaoya Zhai , Hongmei Kang , Falai Chen

We consider an adaptive algorithm for finite element methods for the isogeometric analysis (IGAFEM) of elliptic (possibly non-symmetric) second-order partial differential equations. We employ analysis-suitable T-splines of arbitrary odd…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-07 Gregor Gantner , Dirk Praetorius

The present paper provides a general formula for the dimension of spline space over T-meshes using smoothing cofactor-conformality method. And we introduce a new notion, Diagonalizable T-mesh, over which the dimension formula is only…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-10-22 Xin Li

We consider a class of non-polynomial spline spaces over T-meshes, that is, of spaces locally spanned both by polynomial and by suitably-chosen non-polynomial functions, which we will refer to as generalized splines over T-meshes. For such…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-09-26 Cesare Bracco , Fabio Roman

Easy to construct and optimally convergent generalisations of B-splines to unstructured meshes are essential for the application of isogeometric analysis to domains with non-trivial topologies. Nonetheless, especially for hexahedral meshes,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Kim Jie Koh , Deepesh Toshniwal , Fehmi Cirak

Accurately solving PDEs with localised features requires refined meshes that adapt to the solution. Traditional numerical methods, such as finite elements, are linear in nature and often ineffective for such problems, as the mesh is not…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Alexandre Magueresse , Santiago Badia

We propose an adaptive mesh refinement strategy for immersed isogeometric analysis, with application to steady heat conduction and viscous flow problems. The proposed strategy is based on residual-based error estimation, which has been…

This paper presents the first method for constructing bases for polynomial spline spaces over an arbitrary T-meshes (PT-splines for short). We construct spline basis functions for an arbitrary T-mesh by first converting the T-mesh into a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Shicong Zhong , Falai Chen , Bingru Huang