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Characteristic properties of secondary electrons emitted from irradiated two-dimensional materials arise from multi-length and time-scale relaxation processes that connect the initial non-equilibrium excited electron distribution with their…
This review presents an overview of the thermal properties of mesoscopic structures. The discussion is based on the concept of electron energy distribution, and, in particular, on controlling and probing it. The temperature of an electron…
We show that the single-particle and transport relaxation rates in ferromagnetic metals, which determine the thermal and electrical conductivity, respectively, at asymptotically low temperature do not obey a power law as previously thought,…
We investigate out-of-the equilibrium properties of the electron liquid in a two-dimensional disordered superconductor subject to the electric bias and temperature gradient. We calculate kinetic coefficients and Nyquist noise, and find that…
Although non-intuitive, an accelerated electron along a particular trajectory can be shown to emit classical electromagnetic radiation in the form of a Fermi-Dirac spectral distribution when observed in a particular angular regime. We…
We present a quantum simulation method that follows the dynamics of out-of-equilibrium many-body systems of electrons and oscillators in real time. Its cost is linear in the number of oscillators and it can probe timescales from attoseconds…
The simplest density functional theory due to Thomas, Fermi, Dirac and Weizsacker is employed to describe the non-equilibrium thermodynamic evolution of an electron gas. The temperature effect is introduced via the Fermi-Dirac entropy,…
Partial differential equations for the electric potential at finite temperature, taking into account the thermal Euler-Heisenberg contribution to the electromagnetic Lagrangian are derived. This complete temperature dependence introduces…
A model calculation is given for the energy relaxation of a non-equilibrium distribution of hot electrons prepared in a metallic sample that has been subjected to homogeneous photo-excitation by a femtosecond laser pulse. The model assumes…
Electron emission from nanometric size emitters becomes of increasing interest due to its involvement to sharp electron sources, vacuum breakdown phenomena and various other vacuum nanoelectronics applications. The most commonly used…
We derive an analytic hot plasma dispersion tensor for particle distribution functions characterized by Gaussian pitch-angle distributions. The formalism provides direct analytic expressions for non-thermal electron cyclotron emission…
In recent years, there are increasing evidence for a thermal emission component that accompanies the overall non-thermal spectra of the prompt emission phase in GRBs. Both the temperature and flux of the thermal emission show a well defined…
We derive perturbation analytic expressions for the Casimir free energy and entropy between two dissimilar ferromagnetic plates which are applicale at arbitrarily low temperature. The dielectric properties of metals are described using…
Radiation force in Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation is revisited for possible signature of irreversible action in the dynamics. The analysis shows that the classical electron can dissipate out a certain fraction of field energy that…
Electronic and phononic thermal conductivity are involved in the thermal conduction for metals and Wiedemann-Franz law is usually employed to predict them separately. However, Wiedemann-Franz law is shown to be invalid at intermediate…
On the basis of self-consistent Born approximation for Dirac fermions under charged impurity scatterings in graphene, the theory for calculating the thermo-electric power is developed by using the heat current-current correlation function.…
Acceleration of particles and plasma heating is one of the fundamental problems in solar flare physics. An accurate determination of the spectrum of flare energized electrons over a broad energy range is crucial for our understanding of…
The measurement of electron temperatures and metallicities in H ii regions and Planetary Nebulae (PNe) has-for several decades-presented a problem: results obtained using different techniques disagree. What it worse, they disagree…
We calculate the distribution of electrons in clusters of galaxies, resulting from thermalization processes in the presence of stochastic acceleration due to plasma waves. We show that the electron distribution can deviate from a…
X-ray observations provide important and valuable insights into the acceleration and propagation of nonthermal electrons during solar flares. Improved X-ray spectral analysis requires a deeper understanding of the dynamics of energetic…