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An oriented hypergraph is a hypergraph where each vertex-edge incidence is given a label of $+1$ or $-1$. The adjacency and Laplacian eigenvalues of an oriented hypergraph are studied. Eigenvalue bounds for both the adjacency and Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Nathan Reff

The distance matrix of a connected graph is the symmetric matrix with columns and rows indexed by the vertices and entries that are the pairwise distances between the corresponding vertices. We give a construction for graphs which differ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-23 Kristin Heysse

We introduce a measure of discrepancy of Hermitian matrices and establish an inequality between the second singular value of a Hermitian matrix and its discrepancy. These results are applied to answer two questions of Fan Chung about graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bela Bollobas , Vladimir Nikiforov

We completely determine the spectrum of an $I$-graph, that is, the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. We apply our result to prove known characterizations of connectedness and bipartiteness in $I$-graphs by using an spectral approach.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-12 Allana S. S. de Oliveira , Cybele T. M. Vinagre

Nikiforov\cite{nikiforov2017merging} introduced the concept of the $A_{\p}$-matrix as a convex linear combination of a graph's adjacency matrix and its diagonal matrix of vertex degrees. In this paper, we introduce a new variant of the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Piyush Sharma , Ravinder Kumar

Hua's fundamental theorem of geometry of hermitian matrices characterizes all bijective maps on the space of all hermitian matrices, which preserve adjacency in both directions. In this and subsequent paper we characterize maps on the set…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-04-05 Marko Orel

A mixed graph can be seen as a type of digraph containing some edges (two opposite arcs). Here we introduce the concept of sequence mixed graphs, which is a generalization of both sequence graphs and iterated line digraphs. These structures…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-13 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol , N. López

Much effort has been spent on characterizing the spectrum of the non-backtracking matrix of certain classes of graphs, with special emphasis on the leading eigenvalue or the second eigenvector. Much less attention has been paid to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-29 Leo Torres

We present a spectral theory of hypergraphs that closely parallels Spectral Graph Theory. A number of recent developments building upon classical work has led to a rich understanding of "hyperdeterminants" of hypermatrices, a.k.a.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-27 Joshua Cooper , Aaron Dutle

The properties of a hypergraph explored through the spectrum of its unified matrix was made by the authors in [26]. In this paper, we introduce three different hypergraph matrices: unified Laplacian matrix, unified signless Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 R. Vishnupriya , R. Rajkumar

We present a characterization of eigenvalue inequalities between two Hermitian matrices by means of inertia indices. As applications, we deal with some classical eigenvalue inequalities for Hermitian matrices, including the Cauchy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-28 Sai-Nan Zheng , Xi Chen , Lily Li Liu , Yi Wang

Problems related to graph matching and isomorphisms are very important both from a theoretical and practical perspective, with applications ranging from image and video analysis to biological and biomedical problems. The graph matching…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-29 Marcelo Fiori , Guillermo Sapiro

A complex unit gain graph is a graph where each orientation of an edge is given a complex unit, which is the inverse of the complex unit assigned to the opposite orientation. We extend some fundamental concepts from spectral graph theory to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-26 Nathan Reff

Since the introduction of the Hermitian adjacency matrix for digraphs, interest in so-called complex unit gain graphs has surged. In this work, we consider gain graphs whose spectra contain the minimum number of two distinct eigenvalues.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-20 Pepijn Wissing , Edwin R. van Dam

The eccentricity matrix of a connected graph $G$ is obtained from the distance matrix of $G$ by retaining the largest distances in each row and each column, and setting the remaining entries as $0$. In this article, a conjecture about the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-18 Iswar Mahato , R. Gurusamy , M. Rajesh Kannan , S. Arockiaraj

This paper introduces a novel Laplacian matrix aiming to enable the construction of spectral convolutional networks and to extend the signal processing applications for directed graphs. Our proposal is inspired by a Haar-like transformation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Theodor-Adrian Badea , Bogdan Dumitrescu

A complex unit gain graph is a simple graph in which each orientation of an edge is given a complex number with modulus 1 and its inverse is assigned to the opposite orientation of the edge. In this article, first we establish bounds for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-04 Ranjit Mehatari , M. Rajesh Kannan , Aniruddha Samanta

Here, the structural symmetries of a hypergraph are represented through equivalence relations on the vertex set of the hypergraph. A matrix associated with the hypergraph may not reflect a specific structural symmetry. In the context of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Anirban Banerjee , Samiron Parui

We introduce a zeta function of digraphs that determines, and is determined by, the spectra of all linear combinations of the adjacency matrix, its transpose, the out-degree matrix, and the in-degree matrix. In particular, zeta-equivalence…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-15 Peter Herbrich

Thus far, digraphs that are uniquely determined by their Hermitian spectra have proven elusive. Instead, researchers have turned to spectral determination of classes of switching equivalent digraphs, rather than individual digraphs. In the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Pepijn Wissing , Edwin R. van Dam