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The Laplacian matrix of a simple graph is the difference of the diagonal matrix of vertex degree and the (0,1) adjacency matrix. In the past decades, the Laplacian spectrum has received much more and more attention, since it has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-31 Xiao-Dong Zhang

Arrangement graphs were introduced for their connection to computational networks and have since generated considerable interest in the literature. In a pair of recent articles by Chen, Ghorbani and Wong, the eigenvalues for the adjacency…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-16 José Araujo , Tim Bratten

The concept of the integrated adjacency matrix for mixed graphs was first introduced in [9], where its spectral properties were analyzed in relation to the structural characteristics of the mixed graph. Building upon this foundation, this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-08 G. Kalaivani , R. Rajkumar

Graph is an abstract representation commonly used to model networked systems and structure. In problems across various fields, including computer vision and pattern recognition, and neuroscience, graphs are often brought into comparison (a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Quoc Van Tran , Hyo-Sung Ahn

The eccentricity matrix of a simple connected graph is obtained from the distance matrix by only keeping the largest distances for each row and each column, whereas the remaining entries become zero. This matrix is also called the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-12 Xinghui Zhao , Lihua You

The adjacency matrices of graphs form a special subset of the set of all integer symmetric matrices. The description of which graphs have all their eigenvalues in the interval [-2,2] (i.e., those having spectral radius at most 2) has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-17 James McKee , Chris Smyth

Typically, graph structures are represented by one of three different matrices: the adjacency matrix, the unnormalised and the normalised graph Laplacian matrices. The spectral (eigenvalue) properties of these different matrices are…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-27 J. F. Lutzeyer , A. T. Walden

It is proved that for any finite connected graph $G$, there exists an orientation of $G$ such that the spectral radius of the corresponding Hermitian adjacency matrix is smaller or equal to the spectral radius of the universal cover of $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-31 Gary Greaves , Bojan Mohar , O Suil

In this paper we study the complementarity spectrum of digraphs, with special attention to the problem of digraph characterization through this complementarity spectrum. That is, whether two non-isomorphic digraphs with the same number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-11 Diego Bravo , Florencia Cubría , Marcelo Fiori , Vilmar Trevisan

A matching M is a dominating induced matching of a graph, if every edge of the graph is either in $M$ or has a common end-vertex with exactly one edge in $M$. The concept of complete dominating induced matching is introduced as graphs where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-13 Domingos M. Cardoso , Enide A. Martins , Luís Medina , Oscar Rojo

We generalize classical results in spectral graph theory and linear algebra more broadly, from the case where the underlying matrix is Hermitian to the case where it is non-Hermitian. New admissibility conditions are introduced to replace…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-21 Edinah K. Gnang , James M. Murphy

Graph symmetries intervene in diverse applications, from enumeration, to graph structure compression, to the discovery of graph dynamics (e.g., node arrival order inference). Whereas Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graphs are typically asymmetric, real…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-27 Tomasz Luczak , Abram Magner , Wojciech Szpankowski

In the theory of line graphs of undirected graphs there exists an important theorem linking the incidence matrix of the root graph to the adjacency matrix of its line graph. For directed or mixed graphs, however, the exists no analogous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Mohammad Abudayah , Omar Alomari , Torsten Sander

In this paper we consider the concept of preintersection numbers of a graph. These numbers are determined by the spectrum of the adjacency matrix of the graph, and generalize the intersection numbers of a distance-regular graph. By using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-20 A. Abiad , E. R. van Dam , M. A. Fiol

We use the line digraph construction to associate an orthogonal matrix with each graph. From this orthogonal matrix, we derive two further matrices. The spectrum of each of these three matrices is considered as a graph invariant. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David Emms , Edwin R. Hancock , Simone Severini , Richard C. Wilson

We show various upper bounds for the order of a digraph (or a mixed graph) whose Hermitian adjacency matrix has an eigenspace of prescribed codimension. In particular, this generalizes the so-called absolute bound for (simple) graphs first…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Alexander L. Gavrilyuk , Sho Suda

A mixed graph is obtained by orienting some edges of a simple graph. The positive inertia index of a mixed graph is defined as the number of positive eigenvalues of its Hermitian adjacency matrix, including multiplicities. This matrix was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Xiaocong He , Lihua Feng

Sparse non-Hermitian random matrices arise in the study of disordered physical systems with asymmetric local interactions, and have applications ranging from neural networks to ecosystem dynamics. The spectral characteristics of these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-21 Fernando Lucas Metz , Izaak Neri , Tim Rogers

We examine the capacity of the complementarity spectrum to distinguish non-isomorphic digraphs. We focus on the seven families with exactly three complementarity eigenvalues. Our findings reveal that in some, but not all families, any two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Diego Bravo , Florencia Cubría , Marcelo Fiori , Gustavo Rama

A mixed graph is a graph with undirected and directed edges. Guo and Mohar in 2017 determined all mixed graphs whose Hermitian spectral radii are less than $2$. In this paper, we give a sufficient condition which can make Hermitian spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-09 Bo-Jun Yuan , Yi Wang , Shi-Cai Gong , Yun Qiao