Related papers: Analysis of Carries in Signed Digit Expansions
When numbers are added in base $b$ in the usual way, carries occur. If two random, independent 1-digit numbers are added, then the probability of a carry is $\frac{b-1}{2b}$. Other choices of digits lead to less carries. In particular, if…
Given any numeration system, we call carry propagation at a number $N$ the number of digits that are changed when going from the representation of $N$ to the one of $N+1$, and amortized carry propagation the limit of the mean of the carry…
Motivated by the Engel and Pierce expansions, we introduce a signed Engel expansion. We expand each $x\in(0,1)\setminus\mathbb{Q}$ uniquely as…
Let $X_1,X_2,...$ be the digits in the base-$q$ expansion of a random variable $X$ defined on $[0,1)$ where $q\ge2$ is an integer. For $n=1,2,...$, we study the probability distribution $P_n$ of the (scaled) remainder…
Adding a column of numbers produces "carries" along the way. We show that random digits produce a pattern of carries with a neat probabilistic description: the carries form a one-dependent determinantal point process. This makes it easy to…
Understanding the distribution of digits in the expansions of perfect powers in different bases is difficult. Rather than consider the asymptotic digit distributions, we consider the base-10 digits of a restricted sequence of powers of two.…
We compute the limit distribution for (centered and scaled) length of the longest increasing subsequence of random colored permutations. The limit distribution function is a power of that for usual random permutations computed recently by…
We study the joint distribution of the input sum and the output sum of a deterministic transducer. Here, the input of this finite-state machine is a uniformly distributed random sequence. We give a simple combinatorial characterization of…
In two recent articles we have examined a generalization of the binomial distribution associated with a sequence of positive numbers, involving asymmetric expressions of probabilities that break the symmetry {\it win-loss}. We present in…
When adding integers in base $m$, carries occur. The same happens modulo a generic integer $q$ when the set of digits is a complete set of residues modulo $m$ for some positive integer $m$ dividing $q$. In this paper we prove that…
We study the combinatorics of addition using balanced digits, deriving an analog of Holte's "amazing matrix" for carries in usual addition. The eigenvalues of this matrix for base b balanced addition of n numbers are found to be…
We deal with countable alphabet locally compact random subshifts of finite type (the latter merely meaning that the symbol space is generated by an incidence matrix) under the absence of Big Images Property and under the absence of uniform…
Symmetric extendibility of quantum states has recently drawn attention in the context of quantum cryptography to judge whether quantum states shared between two distant parties can be purified by means of one-way error correction protocols.…
Limit theorems for non-additive probabilities or non-linear expectations are challenging issues which have raised progressive interest recently. The purpose of this paper is to study the strong law of large numbers and the law of the…
We develop a general theory for quantum key distribution (QKD) in both the forward error correction and the reverse error correction cases when the QKD system is equipped with phase-randomized coherent light with arbitrary number of decoy…
In 2012, Diem introduced a new figure of merit for cryptographic sequences called expansion complexity. Recently, a series of paper has been published for analysis of expansion complexity and for testing sequences in terms of this new…
We investigate the distribution of the digits of quotients of randomly chosen positive integers taken from the interval $[1,T]$, improving the previously known error term for the counting function as $T\to+\infty$. We also resolve some…
Let $s(n)$ denote the number of ones in the binary expansion of the nonnegative integer $n$. How does $s$ behave under addition of a constant $t$? In order to study the differences \[s(n+t)-s(n),\] for all $n\ge0$, we consider the…
We consider excited random walks on the integers with a bounded number of i.i.d. cookies per site which may induce drifts both to the left and to the right. We extend the criteria for recurrence and transience by M. Zerner and for…
The number of distinct symbols appearing in digit expansions generated by full-branch affine countable iterated function systems is studied whose branch weights are regularly varying. The Hausdorff dimensions of the exceptional sets in…