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The axion, a hypothetical elementary pseudoscalar, is expected to solve the strong CP problem of QCD and is also a promising candidate for dark matter. The most sensitive axion search experiments operate at millikelvin temperatures and…

Parametric amplifiers play a crucial role in modern quantum technology by enabling the enhancement of weak signals with minimal added noise. Traditionally, Josephson junctions have been the primary choice for constructing parametric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-07 Simone Frasca , Camille Roy , Guillaume Beaulieu , Pasquale Scarlino

We report the implementation of a near-quantum-limited, traveling-wave parametric amplifier that uses three-wave mixing (3WM). To favor amplification by 3WM, we use the superconducting nonlinear asymmetric inductive element (SNAIL) loops,…

We have fabricated a wide-bandwidth, high dynamic range, low-noise cryogenic amplifier based on a superconducting kinetic inductance traveling-wave device. The device was made from NbTiN and consisted of a long, coplanar waveguide on a…

Josephson meta-materials have recently emerged as very promising platform for superconducting quantum science and technologies. Their distinguishing potential resides in ability to engineer them at sub-wavelength scales, which allows…

Most microwave readout architectures in quantum computing or sensing rely on a semiconductor amplifier at 4 K, typically a high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT). Despite its remarkable noise performance, a conventional HEMT dissipates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-18 M. Malnou , J. Aumentado , M. R. Vissers , J. D. Wheeler , J. Hubmayr , J. N. Ullom , J. Gao

This short and opinionated review starts with a concept of quantum signals at microwave frequencies and focuses on the principle of linear parametric amplification. The amplification process arises from the dispersive nonlinearity of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-12-11 Michel Devoret , Ananda Roy

Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) engineering is a significant component in the quantum two-mode squeezed radar (QTMS), to enhance, for instance, radar performance and the detection range or bandwidth. In this study, we apply quantum…

We have built a parametric amplifier with a Josephson field effect transistor (JoFET) as the active element. The device's resonant frequency is field-effect tunable over a range of 2 GHz. The JoFET amplifier has 20 dB of gain, 4 MHz of…

This paper presents a detailed theoretical review of the amplification process in Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs), which are crucial for quantum-limited signal amplification in superconducting circuits. The paper begins by outlining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Rajlaxmi Bhoite , Shraddhanjali Choudhury

We create a Josephson parametric amplifier from a transmission line resonator whose inner conductor is made from a series SQUID array. By changing the magnetic flux through the SQUID loops, we are able to adjust the circuit's resonance…

Superconductivity · Physics 2008-11-17 M. A. Castellanos-Beltran , K. W. Lehnert

Kinetic inductance travelling wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPAs) have been simulated using Keysight's Advanced Design System (ADS). A lumped element representation of a superconducting transmission line has been developed using nonlinear…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-08-09 T. Sweetnam , D. Banys , V. Gilles , M. A. McCulloch , L. Piccirillo

Recently Yaakobi and co-workers [Phys. Rev. B 87, 144301 (2013)] theoretically studied four-wave mixing and parametric amplification in a nonlinear transmission line consisting of capacitively shunted Josephson junctions. By deriving and…

Superconductivity · Physics 2013-08-14 Saptarshi Chaudhuri , Jiansong Gao

In this paper we will describe the characterisation of a rf detection chain based on a travelling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA). The detection chain is meant to be used for dark matter axion searches and thus it is mounted coupled to a…

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the development of flux-driven Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs) as Quantum Noise Limited Amplifier for axion search experiments conducted at the Center for Axion and Precision Physics…

Parametric amplification is essential for quantum measurement, enabling the amplification of weak microwave signals with minimal added noise. While Josephson-junction-based amplifiers have become standard in superconducting quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Danial Davoudi , Abdul Mohamed , Shabir Barzanjeh

Kinetic-inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPAs) offer broadband near-quantum-limited amplification with high saturation power. Due to the high critical magnetic fields of high-kinetic-inductance materials, KI-TWPAs should…

Quantum-limited parametric amplifiers are essential components for many quantum technologies operating in the microwave domain. Achieving both high gain and broad bandwidth, however, remains challenging due to trade-offs between gain and…

One of the central challenges in the development of parametric amplifiers is the control of the dynamic range relative to its gain and bandwidth, which typically limits quantum limited amplification to signals which contain only a few…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-02-21 C. Eichler , A. Wallraff

Experiments that subject underdoped $\rm{YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x}}$ (YBCO) to intense terahertz pulses at temperatures between the transition temperature $T_c$ and the pseudogap scale $T^*$ have revealed a reflectivity edge that resembles that of…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-05-22 Marios H. Michael , Eugene Demler , Patrick Lee