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The existence of the QCD critical point at non-zero baryon density is not only of great interest for experimental physics but also a challenge for the theory. Any hint of the existence of the first order phase transition and, particularly,…
We show on the basis of an effective theory of QCD that a wide variety of observables in the hadron world is governed by the chiral symmetry together with an interplay between the axial anomaly and the explicit symmetry breaking due to the…
The thermodynamic singularities of QCD in the plane of complex baryo-chemical potential mu are studied. Predictions are made using scaling and universality arguments in the vicinity of the massless quark limit. The results are illustrated…
We provide the most accurate results for the QCD transition line so far. We optimize the definition of the crossover temperature $T_c$, allowing for its very precise determination, and extrapolate from imaginary chemical potential up to…
We discuss properties of Quantum Chromodynamics at finite temperature obtained by means of lattice simulations with overlap fermions. This fermion discretization preserves chiral symmetry even at finite lattice spacing. We present details…
We map out the QCD crossover line $\frac{T_c(\mu_B)}{T_c(0)} = 1 - \kappa_2 \left( \frac{\mu_B}{T_c(0)} \right)^2 - \kappa_4 \left( \frac{\mu_B}{T_c(0)} \right)^4 + \mathcal{O}(\mu_B^6)$ for the first time up to $\mathcal{O}(\mu_B^4)$ for a…
Firstly, I give a brief summary of the current understanding of QCD below and near $T_c$ (the critical temperature of the chiral transition). Some emphases are put on the qualitative difference between the Yukawa regime ($T \sim 0)$ and the…
Assuming a tricritical point of the two--flavor QCD in the space of temperature, baryon number chemical potential and quark mass, we study the change of the associated soft mode along the critical line within the Ginzburg--Landau approach…
I review recent developments in determining the QCD phase diagram by means of lattice simulations. Since the invention of methods to side-step the sign problem a few years ago, a number of additional variants have been proposed, and…
We study the strangeness $S=-2$ baryon-baryon interactions in relativistic chiral effective field theory at leading order. Among the 15 relevant low energy constants, eight of them are determined by fitting to the state of the art lattice…
A qualitative analysis of the chiral phase transition in QCD at non--zero baryon density is performed. It is assumed that at zero baryonic density, $\rho=0$, the temperature phase transition is of the second order and quark condesate $\eta=…
We review recent results on the phase structure of QCD and bulk QCD thermodynamics. In particular we discuss how universal critical scaling related to spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry manifests itself in recent lattice QCD…
We use an effective QCD model (ladder-QCD) to explore the phase diagram for chiral symmetry breaking and restoration at finite temperature with different $u,d$ quark chemical potentials. In agreement with a recent investigation based on the…
Lattice QCD simulations have shown unequivocally that the transition from hadrons to quarks and gluons is a crossover when the baryon chemical potential is zero or small. Many model calculations predict the existence of a critical point at…
At sufficiently high temperature and density, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) predicts phase transition from the hadronic phase to the quark-gluon plasma phase. Lattice QCD is the most useful tool to investigate this critical phenomenon, which…
The critical endpoint of the QCD phase diagram is usually expected to belong to the chiral critical surface, i.e. the surface of second order transitions bounding the region of first order chiral phase transitions for small quark masses in…
We use numerical simulation to examine the possibility of a reversible liquid-liquid transition in supercooled water and related systems. In particular, for two atomistic models of water, we have computed free energies as functions of…
The properties of net quark number fluctuations in the vicinity of the QCD chiral phase transition are discussed in terms of an effective chiral model in the mean-field approximation. We focus on the ratio of the fourth- to second- order…
We discuss the influence of a helicity imbalance on the phase diagram of dense QCD at finite temperature. We argue that the helical chemical potential is a thermodynamically relevant quantity in theories with the mass gap generation. Using…
Strongly correlated Fermi systems with pairing interactions become superfluid below a critical temperature $T_c$. The extent to which such pairing correlations alter the behavior of the liquid at temperatures $T > T_c$ is a subtle issue…