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We consider the fundamental problem of assigning distinct labels to agents in the probabilistic model of population protocols. Our protocols operate under the assumption that the size $n$ of the population is embedded in the transition…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Leszek Gasieniec , Jesper Jansson , Christos Levcopoulos , Andrzej Lingas

Population protocols are a model of computation in which an arbitrary number of indistinguishable finite-state agents interact in pairs. The goal of the agents is to decide by stable consensus whether their initial global configuration…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Philipp Czerner , Javier Esparza , Jérôme Leroux

We study the problem of how to coordinate the actions of independent agents in a distributed system where message arrival times are unbounded, but are determined by an exponential probability distribution. Asynchronous protocols executed in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Ariel Livshits , Yoram Moses

We study the self-stabilizing leader election problem in anonymous $n$-nodes networks. Achieving self-stabilization with low space memory complexity is particularly challenging, and designing space-optimal leader election algorithms remains…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Lelia Blin , Sylvain Gay , Isabella Ziccardi

The population protocol model describes a network of anonymous agents that interact asynchronously in pairs chosen at random. Each agent starts in the same initial state $s$. We introduce the *dynamic size counting* problem: approximately…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-28 David Doty , Mahsa Eftekhari

We consider the problem of efficiently simulating population protocols. In the population model, we are given a distributed system of $n$ agents modeled as identical finite-state machines. In each time step, a pair of agents is selected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Petra Berenbrink , David Hammer , Dominik Kaaser , Ulrich Meyer , Manuel Penschuck , Hung Tran

We consider a population of $n$ agents which communicate with each other in a decentralized manner, through random pairwise interactions. One or more agents in the population may act as authoritative sources of information, and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Bartlomiej Dudek , Adrian Kosowski

We consider leader election in anonymous radio networks modeled as simple undirected connected graphs. Nodes communicate in synchronous rounds. Nodes are anonymous and execute the same deterministic algorithm, so symmetry can be broken only…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Avery Miller , Andrzej Pelc , Ram Narayan Yadav

In this paper, we consider the communication complexity of protocols that compute stable matchings. We work within the context of Gale and Shapley's original stable marriage problem\cite{GS62}: $n$ men and $n$ women each privately hold a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-10-10 Rafail Ostrovsky , Will Rosenbaum

We consider a scenario in which leaders are required to recruit teams of followers. Each leader cannot recruit all followers, but interaction is constrained according to a bipartite network. The objective for each leader is to reach a state…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-12-11 Lorenzo Coviello , Massimo Franceschetti

Many tasks executed in dynamic distributed systems, such as sensor networks or enterprise environments with bring-your-own-device policy, require central coordination by a leader node. In the past it has been proven that distributed leader…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Bronislav Sidik , Rami Puzis , Polina Zilberman , Yuval Elovici

The {\em parallel time} of a population protocol is defined as the average number of required interactions that an agent in the protocol participates, i.e., the quotient between the total number of interactions required by the protocol and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Artur Czumaj , Andrzej Lingas

The problem of electing a unique leader is central to all distributed systems, including programmable matter systems where particles have constant size memory. In this paper, we present a silent self-stabilising, deterministic, stationary,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jérémie Chalopin , Shantanu Das , Maria Kokkou

This paper presents a randomized self-stabilizing algorithm that elects a leader $r$ in a general $n$-node undirected graph and constructs a spanning tree $T$ rooted at $r$. The algorithm works under the synchronous message passing network…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Xavier Défago , Yuval Emek , Shay Kutten , Toshimitsu Masuzawa , Yasumasa Tamura

The problem of electing a leader from among $n$ contenders is one of the fundamental questions in distributed computing. In its simplest formulation, the task is as follows: given $n$ processors, all participants must eventually return a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Dan Alistarh , Rati Gelashvili , Adrian Vladu

This paper focuses on compact deterministic self-stabilizing solutions for the leader election problem. When the protocol is required to be \emph{silent} (i.e., when communication content remains fixed from some point in time during any…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Lélia Blin , Sébastien Tixeuil

We consider the problem of counting the population size in the population model. In this model, we are given a distributed system of $n$ identical agents which interact in pairs with the goal to solve a common task. In each time step, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Petra Berenbrink , Dominik Kaaser , Tomasz Radzik

This paper examines the structural controllability for a group of agents, called followers, connected to each other based on the consensus law under commands of multiple leaders, which are agents with superior capabilities, over a fixed…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Milad M. Kazemi , Mohsen Zamani , Zhiyong Chen

We investigate space-time trade-offs for population protocols in sparse interaction graphs. In complete interaction graphs, optimal space-time trade-offs are known for the leader election and exact majority problems. However, it has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Joel Rybicki , Jakob Solnerzik , Robin Vacus

Population protocols [Angluin et al., PODC, 2004] are a model of distributed computation in which indistinguishable, finite-state agents interact in pairs to decide if their initial configuration, i.e., the initial number of agents in each…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Javier Esparza , Stefan Jaax , Mikhail Raskin , Chana Weil-Kennedy