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An interval graph is considered improper if and only if it has a representation such that an interval contains another interval. Previously these have been investigated in terms of balance and minimal forbidden interval subgraphs for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-28 Jeffrey J. Beyerl , Wayne Wallace

The scramble number of a graph provides a lower bound for gonality and an upper bound for treewidth, making it a graph invariant of interest. In this paper we study graphs of scramble number at most two, and give a classification of all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-21 Robin Eagleton , Ralph Morrison

We define a knot to be half ribbon if it is the cross-section of a ribbon 2-knot, and observe that ribbon implies half ribbon implies slice. We introduce the half ribbon genus of a knot K, the minimum genus of a ribbon knotted surface of…

In this paper we study Eulerian extensions with edge constraints and use the probabilistic method to establish sufficient conditions for a given connected graph to be a subgraph of a Eulerian graph containing $m$ edges, for a given number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-16 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

In the study of full bubble model graphs of bounded clique-width and bounded linear clique-width, we determined complete sets of forbidden induced subgraphs, that are minimal in the class of full bubble model graphs. In this note, we show…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-01-29 Daniel Meister , Udi Rotics

We consider large uniform labeled random graphs in different classes with few induced $P_4$ ($P_4$ is the graph consisting of a single line of $4$ vertices) which generalize the case of cographs. Our main result is the convergence to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Théo Lenoir

We prove a structural characterization of graphs that forbid a fixed graph $H$ as an immersion and can be embedded in a surface of Euler genus $\gamma$. In particular, we prove that a graph $G$ that excludes some connected graph $H$ as an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-27 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , Marcin Kaminski , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

We consider relatively minimal fibrations of curves of genus two on rational surfaces whose Picard numbers are not maximal. By birational morphisms, such fibred surfaces are interpreted as pencils of plane curves. We show that only four are…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-06-24 Shinya Kitagawa

A graph is apex if it becomes planar after the deletion of one vertex. The family of apex graphs is closed under taking minors, so it is characterized by a finite set of forbidden minors. Determining the finite set of forbidden minors for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Andrei Pavelescu , Elena Pavelescu , Madeline Potter

Two Eulerian circuits, both starting and ending at the same vertex, are avoiding if at every other point of the circuits they are at least distance 2 apart. An Eulerian graph which admits two such avoiding circuits starting from any vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-24 Grahame Erskine , Terry Griggs , Robert Lewis , James Tuite

In this paper, we continue the classification work done in the first paper of the same name. With careful modifications of our previous approach, we are able to deduce (with two notable exceptions) which members of the previously introduced…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-20 Sara DeGroot , Jacob Laubacher , Mark Medwid

In this paper we construct a class of bounded degree bipartite graphs with a small separator and large bandwidth. Furthermore, we also prove that graphs from this class are spanning subgraphs of graphs with minimum degree just slightly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-25 Béla Csaba , Bálint Vásárhelyi

An infinite graph G is minor excluded if there is a finite graph that is not a minor of G. We prove that minor excluded graphs have finite Assouad-Nagata dimension and study minor exclusion for Cayley graphs of finitely generated groups.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-12 Mikhail I. Ostrovskii , David Rosenthal

In Graph Minor III, Robertson and Seymour conjecture that the tree-width of a planar graph and that of its dual differ by at most one. We prove that given a hypergraph H on a surface of Euler genus k, the tree-width of H^* is at most the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-12-17 Frédéric Mazoit

This short note contains elementary evaluations of some Euler sums.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-10-30 Donal F. Connon

This is a short survey of algebro-combinatorial link homology theories which have the Jones polynomial and other link polynomials as their Euler characteristics.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mikhail Khovanov

We investigate the minimal genus problem for the second homology of a right angled Artin group (RAAG). Firstly, we present a lower bound for the minimal genus of a second homology class, equal to half the rank of the corresponding cap…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-12-12 Rachael Boyd , Thorben Kastenholz , Jean Pierre Mutanguha

In descending generality I survey: five partial orderings of graphs, the induced-subgraph ordering, and examples like perfect, threshold, and mock threshold graphs. The emphasis is on how the induced subgraph ordering differs from other…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Thomas Zaslavsky

In this paper we study underlying graphs corresponding to a set of halving lines. We establish many properties of such graphs. In addition, we tighten the upper bound for the number of halving lines.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Tanya Khovanova , Dai Yang

Recently, Gross, Mansour and Tucker introduced the partial duality polynomial of a ribbon graph and posed a conjecture that there is no orientable ribbon graph whose partial duality polynomial has only one non-constant term. We found an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-04 Qi Yan , Xian'an Jin