Related papers: Material Properties at Low Temperature
The prospect of efficient solid state refrigeration at room temperature is driving research into magnetic cooling engine design and magnetic phase transition-based refrigerants. In this Viewpoint an Ashby-style map of magnetic refrigerant…
This paper presents the characterization of microwave passive components, including metal-oxide-metal (MoM) capacitors, transformers, and resonators, at deep cryogenic temperature (4.2 K). The variations in capacitance, inductance and…
This chapter gives an overview of the principles of low temperature refrigeration and the thermodynamics behind it. Basic cryogenic processes - Joule-Thomoson process, Brayton process as well as Claude process - are described and compared.…
Recent progress on caloric effects are reviewed. The application of external stimuli such as magnetic field, hydrostatic pressure, uniaxial stress and electric field give rise respectively to magnetocaloric, barocaloric, elastocaloric and…
Low-temperature experiments are performed on novel nanoscale nonlinear devices (ballistic rectifiers) as well as nano-structured artificial materials, fabricated from an InP/InGaAs quantum well wafer. A DC output is generated between the…
Thermoelectric devices convert temperature gradients into electrical power and vice versa, thus enabling energy scavenging from waste heat, sensing and cooling. Yet, many of these attractive applications are hindered by the limited…
The anomalous properties of water in the supercooled state are numerous and well-known. Particularly striking are the strong changes in dynamic properties that appear to display divergences at temperatures close to -- but beyond -- the…
In this article we give a general survey of the main properties of magnetic oxides - mostly the oxides of transition metals, but sometime also containing rare earths ions. This is a very rich class of materials, among which there are…
For near-Sun missions, the spacecraft approaches very close to the Sun and space environmental effects become relevant. Strong restrictions on how much close it can get derive from the maximum temperature that the used materials can stand,…
The interplay between strong Coulomb interactions and randomness has been a long-standing problem in condensed matter physics. According to the scaling theory of localization, in two-dimensional systems of noninteracting or weakly…
The ability to design and fabricate materials with tailored mechanical properties, combined with immunity to damage, is a frontier of materials engineering. For example, materials which are characterized by elastic properties that depend on…
The room temperature liquid metal is quickly emerging as an important functional material in a variety of areas like chip cooling, 3D printing or printed electronics etc. With diverse capabilities in electrical, thermal and flowing…
This lecture gives an introduction to the basic physics of the electrical conductivity of metals, its temperature dependence and its limiting factors. We will then introduce the concept of surface resistance, of high relevance in…
Phase-separated magnetic fluids provide a very strong magnetic response ($\mu>25$) in a liquid state material. Even small fields can cause a notable material response, but this depends on its properties, which are often difficult to…
The incredible thermo-mechanical properties of biological materials arise from the microscopic scale due to a complex hierarchical mechanism, regulated by microinstabilities at the molecular level. The description of such complex structures…
It is up to now a challenge to control the conduction of heat. Here we develop a method to distort the temperature distribution signature of an object at will. As a result, the object accurately exhibits the same temperature distribution…
We consider interaction effects in a granular normal metal at not very low temperatures. Assuming that all weak localization effects are suppressed by the temperature we replace the initial Hamiltonian by a proper functional of phases and…
Experiments on a sufficiently disordered two-dimensional (2D) electron system in silicon reveal a new and unexpected kind of metallic behavior, where the conductivity decreases as \sigma (n_s,T)=\sigma (n_s,T=0)+A(n_s)T^2 (n_s-carrier…
A core-softened model of a glass forming fluid is numerically studied in the limit of very low temperatures. The model shows two qualitatively different behaviors depending on the strength of the attraction between particles. For no or low…
Memory effects are ubiquitous in nature and are particularly relevant at the nanoscale where the dynamical properties of electrons and ions strongly depend on the history of the system, at least within certain time scales. We review here…