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The ever-evolving capabilities of cyber attackers force security administrators to focus on the early identification of emerging threats. Targeted cyber attacks usually consist of several phases, from initial reconnaissance of the network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Lukáš Sadlek , Pavel Čeleda , Daniel Tovarňák

Immune events such as infection, vaccination, and a combination of the two result in distinct time-dependent antibody responses in affected individuals. These responses and event prevalences combine non-trivially to govern antibody levels…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-16 Prajakta Bedekar , Rayanne A. Luke , Anthony J. Kearsley

Information on cyber-related crimes, incidents, and conflicts is abundantly available in numerous open online sources. However, processing the large volumes and streams of data is a challenging task for the analysts and experts, and entails…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Tuomas Takko , Kunal Bhattacharya , Martti Lehto , Pertti Jalasvirta , Aapo Cederberg , Kimmo Kaski

In this paper we propose an alternative approach for the assessment of network vulnerability under random and intentional attacks as compared to the results obtained from the "vulnerability function" given by Criado et al. [Criado et al.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2011-01-12 A. Yazdani , P. Jeffrey

Networked Control Systems (NCSs) are integral in critical infrastructures such as power grids, transportation networks, and production systems. Ensuring the resilient operation of these large-scale NCSs against cyber-attacks is crucial for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Sribalaji C. Anand , Anh Tung Nguyen , André M. H. Teixeira , Henrik Sandberg , Karl H. Johansson

Traditional threat modeling occurs during design, but cloud deployments introduce unanticipated threats, especially multi-stage attacks chaining vulnerabilities across trust boundaries. Existing security tools analyze components in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Nicholas Pecka , Lotfi Ben Othmane , Bharat Bhargava , Renee Bryce

Attack graphs are a powerful tool for security risk assessment by analysing network vulnerabilities and the paths attackers can use to compromise network resources. The uncertainty about the attacker's behaviour makes Bayesian networks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Luis Muñoz-González , Daniele Sgandurra , Martín Barrère , Emil Lupu

For years, attack graphs have been an important tool for security assessment of enterprise networks, but IoT devices, a new player in the IT world, might threat the reliability of this tool. In this paper, we review the challenges that must…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Yael Mathov , Noga Agmon , Asaf Shabtai , Rami Puzis , Nils Ole Tippenhauer , Yuval Elovici

Cyber threats affect all kinds of organisations. Risk analysis is an essential methodology for cybersecurity as it allows organisations to deal with the cyber threats potentially affecting them, prioritise the defence of their assets and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-20 David Rios Insua , Aitor Couce Vieira , Jose Antonio Rubio , Wolter Pieters , Katsiaryna Labunets , Daniel Garcia Rasines

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) in modern real-time applications integrate numerous control units linked through communication networks, each responsible for executing a mix of real-time safety-critical and non-critical tasks. To ensure…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-15 Arkaprava Sain , Sunandan Adhikary , Ipsita Koley , Soumyajit Dey

The emergence of large-scale quantum computing threatens widely deployed public-key cryptographic systems, creating an urgent need for enterprise-level methods to assess post-quantum (PQ) readiness. While PQ standards are under development,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Rasmus Erlemann , Charles Colyer Morris , Sanjyot Sathe

Domain-specific quantitative modeling and analysis approaches are fundamental in scenarios in which qualitative approaches are inappropriate or unfeasible. In this paper, we present a tool-supported approach to quantitative graph-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Maurice H. ter Beek , Axel Legay , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Andrea Vandin

The rise of large-scale quantum computing poses a significant threat to traditional cryptographic security measures. Quantum attacks undermine current asymmetric cryptographic algorithms, rendering them ineffective. Even symmetric key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yaser Baseri , Vikas Chouhan , Ali Ghorbani , Aaron Chow

With the advancement of IoT technology, many electronic devices are interconnected through networks, communicating with each other and performing specific roles. However, as numerous devices join networks, the threat of cyberattacks also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Sangbeom Park , Jaesung Lee , Jeong Do Yoo , Min Geun Song , Hyosun Lee , Jaewoong Choi , Chaeyeon Sagong , Huy Kang Kim

Network threat detection has been challenging due to the complexities of attack activities and the limitation of historical threat data to learn from. To help enhance the existing practices of using analytics, machine learning, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Lili Zhang , Quanyan Zhu , Herman Ray , Ying Xie

Cyber security is one of the most significant technical challenges in current times. Detecting adversarial activities, prevention of theft of intellectual properties and customer data is a high priority for corporations and government…

Databases · Computer Science 2015-03-04 Sutanay Choudhury , Lawrence Holder , George Chin , Khushbu Agarwal , John Feo

Understanding the landscape of software vulnerabilities is key for developing effective security solutions. Fortunately, the evaluation of vulnerability databases that use a framework for communicating vulnerability attributes and their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Assane Gueye , Peter Mell

Detection of malicious behavior in a large network is a challenging problem for machine learning in computer security, since it requires a model with high expressive power and scalable inference. Existing solutions struggle to achieve this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Simon Mandlik , Tomas Pevny , Vaclav Smidl , Lukas Bajer

In this paper we present a study on using novel data types to perform cyber risk quantification by estimating the likelihood of a data breach. We demonstrate that it is feasible to build a highly accurate cyber risk assessment model using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Armin Sarabi , Manish Karir , Mingyan Liu

In today's enterprise network landscape, the combination of perimeter and distributed firewall rules governs connectivity. To address challenges arising from increased traffic and diverse network architectures, organizations employ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Nardine Basta , Firas Ben Hmida , Houssem Jmal , Muhammad Ikram , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Andy Walker