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Most of the research done on quantum error correction studies an error model in which each qubit is affected by noise, independently of the other qubits. In this paper we study a different noise model -- one in which the noise may be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-09 Avraham Ben-Aroya , Amnon Ta-Shma

We consider error correction procedures designed specifically for the amplitude damping channel. We analyze amplitude damping errors in the stabilizer formalism. This analysis allows a generalization of the [4,1] `approximate' amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-05 Andrew S. Fletcher , Peter W. Shor , Moe Z. Win

Recent work [M. J. Gullans et al., Physical Review X, 11(3):031066 (2021)] has shown that quantum error correcting codes defined by random Clifford encoding circuits can achieve a non-zero encoding rate in correcting errors even if the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Andrew S. Darmawan , Yoshifumi Nakata , Shiro Tamiya , Hayata Yamasaki

Stabilizer simulation of Clifford quantum circuits - error-correction circuits, Clifford subroutines, etc. - on classical computers has played a central role in our understanding of circuit performance. The stabilizer description, however,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Mark Myers , Mariesa H. Teo , Rajesh Mishra , Jing Hao Chai , Hui Khoon Ng

The quantum stabilizer formalism became foundational for understanding error correction soon after the realization of the first useful quantum error correction codes. Stabilizers provide a way to describe sets of quantum states which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Sean Garner , Chenxu Liu , Meng Wang , Samuel Stein , Ang Li

Efficient and high-performance quantum error correction is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Low-depth random circuits offer a promising approach to identifying effective and practical encoding strategies. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Guoding Liu , Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

We present a nonintrusive method for reliably estimating the noise level during quantum computation and quantum communication protected by quantum error-correcting codes. As preprocessing of quantum error correction, our scheme estimates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-27 Yuichiro Fujiwara

The performance of a given quantum error correction (QEC) code depends upon the noise model that is assumed. Independent Pauli noise, applied after each quantum operation, is a simplistic noise model that is easy to simulate and understand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Wayne M. Witzel , Anand Ganti , Tzvetan S. Metodi

Scalable realisation of quantum computing is reliant on the development of fault tolerant devices. Analysis of quantum error correction protocols typically considers incoherent noise models or noise-free syndrome measurements. While this is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Ben Harper , Azar C. Nakhl , Martin Sevior , Muhammad Usman

Mapping quantum error correcting codes to classical disordered statistical mechanics models and studying the phase diagram of the latter has proven a powerful tool to study the fundamental error robustness and associated critical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-12 Davide Vodola , Manuel Rispler , Seyong Kim , Markus Müller

We prove a new version of the quantum threshold theorem that applies to concatenation of a quantum code that corrects only one error, and we use this theorem to derive a rigorous lower bound on the quantum accuracy threshold epsilon_0. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Panos Aliferis , Daniel Gottesman , John Preskill

We consider the surface code under errors featuring both coherent and incoherent components and study the coherence of the corresponding logical noise channel and how this impacts information-theoretic measures of code performance, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

One of the main problems in quantum information systems is the presence of errors due to noise, and for this reason quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) play a key role. While most of the known codes are designed for correcting generic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-12 Marco Chiani , Lorenzo Valentini

We show that a simple modification of the surface code can exhibit an enormous gain in the error correction threshold for a noise model in which Pauli Z errors occur more frequently than X or Y errors. Such biased noise, where dephasing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 David K. Tuckett , Stephen D. Bartlett , Steven T. Flammia

We provide a simple prescription to extract an effective Pauli noise model from classical simulations of a noisy experimental protocol for a unitary gate. This prescription yields the closest Pauli channel approximation to the error channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Michael A. Perlin

We consider a two-dimensional quantum memory of qubits on a torus which encode the extended Fibonaccistring-net code, and devise strategies for error correction when those qubits are subjected to depolarizing noise.Building on the concept…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-12 Alexis Schotte , Guanyu Zhu , Lander Burgelman , Frank Verstraete

Twirling noise affecting quantum gates is essential in understanding and controlling errors, but applicable operations to noise are usually restricted by symmetries inherent in quantum gates. In this work, we propose symmetric Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Kento Tsubouchi , Yosuke Mitsuhashi , Kunal Sharma , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

In order to realize fault-tolerant quantum computation, tight evaluation of error threshold under practical noise models is essential. While non-Clifford noise is ubiquitous in experiments, the error threshold under non-Clifford noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Yasunari Suzuki , Keisuke Fujii , Masato Koashi

We propose quaternion-based strategies for quantum error correction by extending quantum mechanics into quaternionic Hilbert spaces. Building on the properties of quaternionic quantum states, we define quaternionic analogues of Pauli…

Accurately estimating observables on noisy quantum devices remains a central challenge for near-term quantum algorithms. While quantum error mitigation techniques can reduce noise-induced bias, they often rely on unverifiable assumptions…