Related papers: The same key to different doors - temperature puzz…
By combining different ideas, a general and efficient protocol to deal with discontinuous phase transitions at low temperatures is proposed. For small $T$'s, it is possible to derive a generic analytic expression for appropriate order…
A general problem of optimal information acquisition for its use in decision making problems is considered. This motivates the need for developing quantitative measures of information sources' capabilities for supplying accurate information…
Thermodynamics originated in the need to understand novel technologies developed by the Industrial Revolution. However, over the centuries the description of engines, refrigerators, thermal accelerators, and heaters has become so abstract…
These days, as high energy particle colliders become unavailable for testing speculative theoretical ideas, physicists are looking to other environments that may provide extreme conditions where theory confronts physical reality. One such…
A new approach to the study of similarity of temperature profiles is presented. It is applicable for any 2-D fluid flow along an isothermal heated (cooled) wall. The approach is based on a simple concept; the area under a set of scaled…
Starting from a Huxley-type model for an agitated vibrational mode, we propose an embedding of standard active particle models in terms of two-temperature processes. One temperature refers to an ambient thermal bath, and the other…
A general expression for the temperature of a finite-dimensional quantum system is deduced from thermodynamic arguments. At equilibrium, this magnitude coincides with the standard thermodynamic temperature. Furthermore, it is well-defined…
Attempts to understand zero temperature phase transitions have forced physicists to consider a regime where the standard paradigms of condensed matter physics break down [1-4]. These quantum critical systems lack a simple description in…
Lack of knowledge about the detailed many-particle motion on the microscopic scale is a key issue in any theoretical description of a macroscopic experiment. For systems at or close to thermal equilibrium, statistical mechanics provides a…
Temperature is a deceptively simple concept that still raises deep questions at the forefront of quantum physics research. The observation of thermalisation in completely isolated quantum systems, such as cold-atom quantum simulators,…
At low temperature a thermodynamic system undergoes a phase transition when a physical parameter passes through a singularity point of the free energy, corresponding to formation of a new order. At high temperature the thermal fluctuations…
In traditional thermodynamics, temperature is a local quantity: a subsystem of a large thermal system is in a thermal state at the same temperature as the original system. For strongly interacting systems, however, the locality of…
Low temperature detectors are nowadays a technology widely used for rare events studies, such as the search for dark matter candidates and neutrino-less double beta decay. The convolution of the thermal and electrical response of these…
We investigate various possible definitions of an effective temperature for a particularly simple nonequilibrium stationary system, namely a heated Brownian particle suspended in a fluid. The effective temperature based on the fluctuation…
In this paper we present a short survey on the concept of effective temperature, on its onset as a glass former vitrifies, on the various definitions in literature and their limits of applicability. An exactly solvable model glass is…
Two-scalar theories at high temperature exhibit a rich spectrum of possible critical behaviour, with a second or first order phase transition. In the vicinity of the critical temperature one can observe critical exponents, tricritical…
Grains are widely assumed to be characterized by a single temperature -- derived either from the configurational entropy, or employing the kinetic theory. Yet granular media do have two temperatures, $T_g$ and $T$, pertaining to the grains…
Quantum collision models normally consist of a system interacting with a set of ancillary units representing the environment. While these ancillary systems are usually assumed to be either two level systems (TLS) or harmonic oscillators, in…
Thermogenesis is a physiological activity of releasing heat that originates from intracellular biochemical reactions. Recent experimental studies discovered that externally applied heat changes intracellular signaling locally, resulting in…
The meaning of temperature in nonequilibrium thermodynamics is considered by using a forced harmonic oscillator in a heat bath, where we have two effective temperatures for the position and the momentum, respectively. We invent a concrete…