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Related papers: X-optogenetics and U-optogenetics: Feasibility and…

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We explore the nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources through detailed investigations of their spectral shape using some of the highest quality data available in the XMM-Newton public archives. Phenomenological models allow us to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 Jeanette C. Gladstone , Timothy P. Roberts , Chris Done

Biomedical applications requiring tissue diagnosis, activation, and treatment could be substantially leveraged by optical methods, owing to their unique feature set. However, their widespread application is severely limited by the strong…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-23 Maxim Cherkashin , Carsten Brenner , Georg Schmitz , Martin Hofmann

Scintillation materials convert high-energy radiation to optical light through a complex multi-stage process. The last stage of the process is light emission via spontaneous emission, which usually governs and limits the scintillator…

The selective insertion of foreign materials, such as fluorescent markers or plasmids, into living cells has been a challenging problem in cell biology.However, it is often necessary that researchers insert such materials into cells for…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-26 Kamal Dhakal , Bryan Black , Samarendra Mohanty

Any large-scale spiking neuromorphic system striving for complexity at the level of the human brain and beyond will need to be co-optimized for communication and computation. Such reasoning leads to the proposal for optoelectronic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Bryce A. Primavera , Jeffrey M. Shainline

In recent years there has been significant fundamental research into phonon polaritons, owing to their ability to compress light to extremely small dimensions, low-losses, and ability to support anisotropic propagation. In this perspective,…

X-ray beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) are an emerging tool for probing matter. Optical elements, such as spiral phase plates and zone plates, have been widely used to generate OAM light. However, these optics are challenging…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2022-08-22 Jiawei Yan , Gianluca Geloni

Though wakefield acceleration in crystal channels has been previously proposed, x-ray wakefield acceleration has only recently become a realistic possibility since the invention of the single-cycled optical laser compression technique. We…

We describe a method aiming at increasing the dynamic range of X-ray detectors. Two X-ray exposures of an object are acquired at different dose levels and constitute the only input data. The values of the parameters which are needed to…

Medical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Evangelos Matsinos , Wolfgang Kaissl

Experiments with networks of optogenetically altered neurons require stimulation with high spatio-temporal selectivity. Computer-assisted holography is an energy-efficient method for robust and reliable addressing of single neurons on the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-02-04 Stephan C. Kramer , Johannes Hagemann , D. Russell Luke

CT and MRI are the two most widely used imaging modalities in healthcare, each with its own merits and drawbacks. Combining these techniques in one machine could provide unprecedented resolution and sensitivity in a single scan, and serve…

Advanced photonic tools may enable researchers and clinicians to visualize, track, control and manipulate biological processes at the single-cell level in space and time. Biological systems are complex and highly organized on both spatial…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-30 Alina Karabchevsky , Tal Elbaz , Aviad Katiyi , Ofer Prager , Alon Friedman

A new type of metal-dielectric composites has been proposed that is characterised by a resonance-like behaviour of the effective permeability in the infrared and visible spectral ranges. This material can be referred to as optomagnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. V. Panina , A. N. Grigorenko , D. P. Makhnovskiy

The evolution from 3rd to 4th generation synchrotron radiation (SR) sources provide promising potential improvements in X-ray techniques, particularly in spatial resolution for imaging, temporal resolution for dynamic studies, and beam size…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-19 Han Xu , Xiao Li , Ming Li , Zhe Ren , Yi Zhang , Peng Liu , Yuhui Dong , Liang Zhou

High energy radiations are nowadays cornerstone in scientific, medical and industrial imaging and cancer therapy. However, their detection and dosimetry are restricted to systems of modest compactness that are not compatible with endoscopy.…

Far-field optical microscopy using focused light is an important tool in a number of scientific disciplines including chemical, (bio)physical and biomedical research, particularly with respect to the study of living cells and organisms.…

The increasing complexity of neural networks and the energy consumption associated with training and inference create a need for alternative neuromorphic approaches, e.g. using optics. Current proposals and implementations rely on physical…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-31 Clara C. Wanjura , Florian Marquardt

Currently, diagnostic medicine uses a multitude of tools ranging from ionising radiation to histology analysis. With advances in piezoelectric crystal technology, high-frequency ultrasound imaging has developed to achieve comparatively high…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-01-13 Akhil Kallepalli , James Halls , David B. James , Mark A. Richardson

Major biological discoveries have been made by interrogating living organisms with light. However, the limited penetration of unscattered photons within biological tissues severely limits the depth range covered by optical methods.…

Supercritical accretion onto compact objects is expected to drive optically thick winds, resulting in observed X-ray emission as a function of viewing angle. However, their optical emission, either from the outer accretion disk or companion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-13 Xiaohong Tang , Hua Feng