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Light modulation is an essential operation in photonics and optoelectronics. With existing and emerging technologies increasingly demanding compact, efficient, fast and broadband optical modulators, high-performance light modulation…
Functional MRI (fMRI) is a powerful technique that has allowed us to characterize visual cortex responses to stimuli, yet such experiments are by nature constructed based on a priori hypotheses, limited to the set of images presented to the…
Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light sources allow for the probing of bound electron dynamics on attosecond scales, interrogation of high-energy-density matter, and access to novel regimes of strong-field quantum electrodynamics. Despite the…
Magnetic effects at optical frequencies are notoriously weak. This is evidenced by the fact that the magnetic permeability of nearly all materials is unity in the optical frequency range, and that magneto-optical devices (such as Faraday…
Over the past decade, optical wavefront shaping has been developed to focus light through highly opaque scattering layers, opening new possibilities for biomedical applications. To probe light intensity deep inside soft scattering media…
In the field of beam physics, two frontier topics have taken center stage due to their potential to enable new approaches to discovery in a wide swath of science. These areas are: advanced, high gradient acceleration techniques, and x-ray…
Research at the frontier between optics and magnetism is revealing a wealth of innovative phenomena and avenues of exploration. Optical waves are demonstrating the capacity to induce ultrafast magnetism, while optical analogs of magnetic…
The use of photonic crystals, which were fabricated on the basis of synthetic opals, as substrates for the luminescence microscopy of biological objects has been shown. The spatial distributions of the photoluminescence by DNA clusters…
Optofluidics is dedicated to achieving integrated control of particle and fluid motion, particularly on the micrometer scale, by utilizing light to direct fluid flow and particle motion. The field has seen significant growth recently,…
Photonic brain-inspired platforms are emerging as novel analog computing devices, enabling fast and energy-efficient operations for machine learning. These artificial neural networks generally require tailored optical elements, such as…
Oscillations of gas bubbles in liquids irradiated with acoustic pressure waves may result in an intriguing physical phenomenon called sonoluminescence, where a collapsing bubble emits the light in a broad optical spectral range. However,…
Interfacing artificial functional materials and living neuronal tissues is at the forefront of bio-nano-technology. Attempts have been so far based onto microscale processing of metals and inorganic semiconductors as electrodes or…
Grazing-incidence X-ray optics have revolutionized X-ray astrophysics. The ability to concentrate flux to a tiny detection region provides a dramatic reduction in background and a consequent very large improvement in sensitivity. The X-ray…
Neural networks are one of the first major milestones in developing artificial intelligence systems. The utilisation of integrated photonics in neural networks offers a promising alternative approach to microelectronic and hybrid…
One of the interesting features of Ultraluminous X-ray sources is that many of them are surrounded by luminous nebulae exhibiting diverse observational properties. In different cases the nebulae are photoionized or shock-powered. Generally,…
Advances in chip-scale photonic-electronic integration are enabling a new generation of foundry-manufacturable implantable silicon neural probes incorporating nanophotonic waveguides and microelectrodes for optogenetic stimulation and…
A thorough understanding of biological species and of emerging nanomaterials requires, among others, their in-depth characterization with optical techniques capable of nano-resolution. Nanoscopy techniques based on tip-enhanced optical…
Deep, high-resolution imaging is essential for unraveling biological complexity and advancing medical diagnostics, yet scattering fundamentally limits optical methods. Among the most promising approaches, photoacoustic imaging achieves…
Neural probes are in vivo invasive devices that combine electrophysiology and optogenetics to gain insight into how the brain operates, down to the single neuron and its network activity. Their integration of stimulation sites and sensors…
Centuries of effort to improve imaging has focused on perfecting and combining lenses to obtain better optical performance and new functionalities. The arrival of nanotechnology has brought to this effort engineered surfaces called…